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INVESTIGATION – Bill Gates has major shares in Moderna, and an FOI has revealed he is also the primary funder of the MHRA

<p><strong>The UK’s Medicine Regulator; the MHRA, recently gave emergency approval for the Moderna mRNA Covid-19 injection to be given to children over the age of 12, and a Daily Expose Investigation has found that this decision was far from impartial due to the fact Bill Gates is the primary funder of the MHRA.</strong></p>
<p><strong>As well as being a primary funder of Moderna in which they have an agreement that obligates Moderna to grant Bill Gates a non-exclusive license to their Covid-19 vaccine; a vaccine that was sent to University researchers weeks before the emergence of Covid-19 in Wuhan, China.</strong></p>
<p>On the 17th August the UK Government confirmed in a <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/moderna-covid-19-vaccine-approved-by-mhra-in-12-17-year-olds">press release</a> that the Medicine and Healthcare product Regulatory Agency (MHRA) had extended the emergency use authorisation granted to the Moderna injection to allow it to be given to children over the age of 12.</p>
<p>At the time Dr June Raine, Chief Executive of the MHRA said that she was “pleased to confirm” its emergency use authorisation, and alleged that it is “safe and effective in this age group”.</p>
<p>Quite how Dr June Raine and the MHRA concluded it is effective in this age group is puzzling considering the fact <a href="https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/08/19/1-in-1-7-million-children-died-with-covid-1-in-9-suffered-serious-adverse-reaction-covid-vaccine/">less than 9 children have died of Covid-19</a> in the United Kingdom and all of them had other serious underlying conditions. But the real conundrum is how they concluded that the Moderna jab is safe for children, because data available in the USA shows quite the opposite.</p>
<p>According to a <a href="https://openvaers.com/">Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS)</a> report found under <a href="https://openvaers.com/">VAERS ID 1187918</a>, a 15 year-old female suffered cardiac arrest and ended up in intensive care four days after having the Moderna mRNA jab. She also sadly died.</p>
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<p>Another <a href="https://openvaers.com/">15 year-old female also suffered cardiac arrest</a> and tragically died after receiving a second dose of the Moderna injection.</p>
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<p>And another report found under <a href="https://openvaers.com/">VAERS ID 1261766</a> confirms that a one-year-old baby was criminally given the Moderna jab, causing his body temperature to increase resulting in a seizure, which lead to the one year-old passing away.</p>
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<p>As you can see the Moderna jab is proven to be far from safe for use in children and should never have been given emergency use authorisation for use in children, and a certain Mr Bill Gates may hold the key as to why the MHRA chose to do so.</p>
<p>The <a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/mhra-awarded-over-980000-for-collaboration-with-the-bill-and-melinda-gates-foundation-and-the-world-health-organisation" target="_blank">MHRA received a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation</a> in 2017 to the tune of £980,000 for a “collaboration” with the foundation. However, a <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/freedom-of-information-responses-from-the-mhra-week-commencing-17-may-2021/freedom-of-information-request-about-the-bill-and-melinda-gates-foundation-foi-21-509">Freedom of Information request which the MHRA responded to in May 2021</a> revealed that the current level of grant funding received from the Gates Foundation amounts to $3 million and covers “a number of projects”.</p>
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<p>Now this of course would be fine if it were not for the fact that the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation own shares in the Covid-19 vaccines that have been granted emergency use authorisation by the MHRA for use in children.</p>
<p>The MHRA is supposed to be a neutral body that is responsible for making sure that the medicine and medical devices used in the country are acceptably safe. But, <a href="https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/08/20/investigation-bill-gates-has-major-shares-in-both-pfizer-biontech-and-an-foi-has-revealed-he-is-the-primary-funder-of-the-mhra/">as we recently revealed</a>, they also granted emergency use authorisation for the Pfizer / BioNTech injection to be given to children, and a certain Mr Bill Gates, who happens to be the primary funder of the MHRA, also <a href="https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/08/20/investigation-bill-gates-has-major-shares-in-both-pfizer-biontech-and-an-foi-has-revealed-he-is-the-primary-funder-of-the-mhra/">owns major shares in both Pfizer and BioNTech</a>.</p>
<p>Which is why it should come as no surprise that Bill Gates is also profiting from the Moderna Covid-19 injection. You only need to head to <a href="https://www.modernatx.com/ecosystem/strategic-collaborators/foundations-advancing-mrna-science-and-research">Moderna’s own website</a> to find that this is the case.</p>
<p>Moderna <a href="https://www.modernatx.com/ecosystem/strategic-collaborators/foundations-advancing-mrna-science-and-research">confirmed in 2016 that the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation</a> had granted them $20 million to support their “initial project related to the evaluation of antibody combinations in a preclinical setting as well as the conduct of a first-in-human Phase 1 clinical trial of a potential mRNA medicine”.</p>
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<p>But Moderna also reveal that the framework agreement they made with the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation could bring the total funding up to $100 million for “follow-on projects” that are proposed to and approved by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation up to 2022, and the terms of this agreement stipulate that Moderna are obliged to grant the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation certain non-exclusive licenses.</p>
<p>A Non-Exclusive Licence grants the licensee the right to use the intellectual property, but means that the licensor remains free to exploit the same intellectual property and to allow any number of other licensees to also exploit the same intellectual property.</p>
<p>Therefore under the terms of the agreement made with Moderna, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation have now been granted a non-exclusive license to the Moderna mRNA Covid-19 injection, and are therefore profiting from its use.</p>
<p>Which raises serious concerns about the MHRA’s true motives in granting emergency approval for the Moderna jab to be given to children. Evidence in the USA proves that it has been deadly when given to children, and evidence in the UK proves that children simply do not need it. Which suggests the MHRA are much more concerned about appeasing their primary funder, Mr Bill Gates.</p>
<p>But the corruption doesn’t end there, because a confidentiality agreement shows potential coronavirus vaccine candidates were transferred from Moderna to the University of North Carolina in 2019, nineteen days prior to the emergence of the alleged Covid-19 causing virus in Wuhan, China.</p>
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<p>The confidentially agreement which can be viewed <strong><a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/6935295/NIH-Moderna-Confidential-Agreements.pdf" target="_blank">here</a></strong> states that providers ‘Moderna’ alongside the ‘National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases’ (NIAID) agreed to tranfer ‘mRNA coronavirus vaccine candidates’ developed and jointly-owned by NIAID and Moderna to recipients ‘The Universisty of North Carolina at Chapel Hill’ on the 12th December 2019.</p>
<p>he material transfer agreement was signed the December 12th 2019 by Ralph Baric, PhD, at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and then signed by Jacqueline Quay, Director of Licensing and Innovation Support at the University of North Carolina on December 16th 2019.</p>
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<figcaption><img alt="" height="383" loading="lazy" src="https://i2.wp.com/dailyexpose.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/image-70.png?resize=626%2C383&ssl=1" srcset="https://i2.wp.com/dailyexpose.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/image-70.png?w=626&ssl=1 626w, https://i2.wp.com/dailyexpose.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/image-70.png?resize=300%2C184&ssl=1 300w" width="626" /><em>Recipient signatories found on page 107</em></figcaption>
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<p>The agreement was also signed by two representatives of the NIAID, one of whom was Amy F. Petrik PhD, a technology transfer specialist who signed the agreement on December 12th 2019 at 8:05 am. The other signatory was Barney Graham MD PhD, an investigator for the NIAID, however this signature was not dated.</p>
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<figcaption><em>NIAID signatories found on page 107</em></figcaption>
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<p>The final signatories on the agreement were Sunny Himansu, Moderna’s Investigator, and Shaun Ryan, Moderna’s Deputy General Councel. Both signautres were made on December 17th 2019.</p>
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<figure class="aligncenter"><img alt="" class="wp-image-8870" data-attachment-id="8870" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-caption="" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="image-73" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/dailyexpose.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/image-73.png?fit=594%2C237&ssl=1" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/dailyexpose.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/image-73.png?fit=300%2C120&ssl=1" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/dailyexpose.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/image-73.png?fit=594%2C237&ssl=1" data-orig-size="594,237" data-permalink="https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/06/18/confidential-documents-reveal-moderna-sent-mrna-coronavirus-vaccine-candidate-to-university-researchers-weeks-before-emergence-of-covid-19/image-73-5/" height="237" loading="lazy" sizes="(max-width: 594px) 100vw, 594px" src="https://i0.wp.com/dailyexpose.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/image-73.png?resize=594%2C237&ssl=1" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/dailyexpose.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/image-73.png?w=594&ssl=1 594w, https://i0.wp.com/dailyexpose.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/image-73.png?resize=300%2C120&ssl=1 300w" width="594" />
<figcaption><em>Moderna signatories found on page 108</em></figcaption>
</figure>
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<p>All of these signatures were made prior to any knowledge of the alleged emergence of the novel coronavirus. It wasn’t until December 31st 2019 that the World Health Organisation (WHO) became aware of an alleged cluster of viral pneumonia cases in Wuhan, China. But even at this point they had not determined that an alleged new coronavirus was to blame, instead stating the pneumonia was of “unknown cause”.</p>
<p>The evidence of corruption is overwhelming and it seems all roads lead to a certain Mr Bill Gates, the problem now being that the current road being travelled involves harming your children along the way.</p>
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source <a href="https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/09/03/investigation-bill-gates-has-major-shares-in-moderna-and-an-foi-has-revealed-he-is-the-primary-funder-of-the-mhra/">https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/09/03/investigation-bill-gates-has-major-shares-in-moderna-and-an-foi-has-revealed-he-is-the-primary-funder-of-the-mhra/</a>

revolution INVESTIGATION – Bill Gates has major shares in Moderna, and an FOI has revealed he is also the primary funder of the MHRA

The UK’s Medicine Regulator; the MHRA, recently gave emergency approval for the Moderna mRNA Covid-19 injection to be given to children over...

Nobody should fear Covid-19, they should fight the violation of our human rights – The Monotti Protocol

<p><strong><em>MY RESPONSE TO THE HOLLYWOOD REPORTER</em></strong></p>
<p><strong><em>By Robin Monotti, film producer.</em></strong></p>
<p><strong>I was there at Venice Film Festival 2020 as we presented our feature film based on the theme of the real history of Western medicine dating back to Prussia in the 18th century, THE BOOK OF VISION as the opening film of the Venice Critics Week. </strong></p>
<p>We have a cursory mention also on <a href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/venice-film-festival-pandemic-1235001942">this Hollywood Reporter article</a>, as Lotte Verbeek is the lead actress in our film: “Venice’s strict-but-casual approach appears to have reassured Hollywood. While only a handful of stars attended in 2020 — mostly Europeans like Tilda Swinton, Vanessa Kirby, Stacy Martin, Lotte Verbeek and Pedro Almodóvar..”</p>
<p>Also note that our lead actor, Charles Dance, also attended with us with no sign of fear whatsoever of Covid19. Nobody should fear Covid19, as treatment works very well. The only thing to fear are medical institutions that withhold the right treatment or even give entirely the wrong treatment to their patients (see the MONOTTI PROTOCOL for more on treatments).</p>
<p>This is what I thought of the measures, as I experienced them:</p>
<p>“Temperature checks upon entry”: </p>
<p>These are a blatant violation of human rights. It is an inalienable human right to have to consent to any diagnostic medical intervention, and that non consent does not result in any disadvantage, such as not being allowed entry for example.</p>
<p>Further to this, they were very threatening. Just as soon as we came off our boat at the festival or entered the territory a uniformed security guard points a temperature gun at your head, at your temple. We had to repeatedly say to do this at the wrist instead, which is not much better. </p>
<p>“Masks”:</p>
<p>These are a blatant violation of human rights. It is an inalienable human right to have to consent to any allegedly preventive medical intervention, and that non consent does not result in any disadvantage, such as not being allowed entry for example.</p>
<p>Masks do not work against respiratory viruses, they harbour and nebulize any other pathogens rendering them much more infective than they would be without the use of a mask. To mandate masks in summer is frankly ridiculous. When we did not wear them we had military police come up to us. They said they know it’s all nonsense but it was other participants who asked them to come and get us to follow the official rules. Fortunately almost nobody wore them outside, and in a dark cinema people can simply take them off as they of course should to safeguard their own health and reduce the re-inhalation of carbon dioxide.</p>
<p>“Social distancing in theaters”</p>
<p>Empty seats between viewers. Considerably decreases the communal feeling of watching a film together with a large group, and at the same time prolongs the fake notion that there are sick people in the cinema, when instead everyone is very healthy in Venice in September if they decide to attend a screening.</p>
<p>“Online ticketing for every screening, event and news conference”</p>
<p>The least harmful measure, maybe creates some order in the confusion of a film festival, perhaps the only measure I am not fully opposed to.</p>
<p>The worst thing about Venice 2021 is the inclusion of the “Green Pass”. Unless united Italians defeat their government by any means, it is likely that the one I attended, Venice 2020, was the last semi-free film festival in Italy. It is poignant that the Venice Film Festival was started by Mussolini’s son, therefore it really does seem, that Venice is returning to its origins by the inclusion of the “Green Pass”, the most blatant violation of human rights related to cinema-goers since the invention of cinema.</p>
<p><a href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/venice-film-festival-pandemic-1235001942/">https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/venice-film-festival-pandemic-1235001942/</a></p>
<p>THE BOOK OF VISION review:</p>
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<p>THE MONOTTI PROTOCOL:</p>
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<p>The entire Covid-19 pandemic response has been driven by numbers. From the …</p>
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<p>The UK’s Medicine Regulator; the MHRA, recently gave emergency approval for the …</p>
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<p>The four chief medical officers (CMOs) will provide further advice on the …</p>
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<p>Pictured: Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla said that he …</p>
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<h3 class="jp-relatedposts-headline"><em>Related</em></h3>
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<br />
source <a href="https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/09/03/nobody-should-fear-covid-19-they-should-fight-the-violation-of-our-human-rights-the-monotti-protocol/">https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/09/03/nobody-should-fear-covid-19-they-should-fight-the-violation-of-our-human-rights-the-monotti-protocol/</a>

revolution Nobody should fear Covid-19, they should fight the violation of our human rights – The Monotti Protocol

MY RESPONSE TO THE HOLLYWOOD REPORTER By Robin Monotti, film producer. I was there at Venice Film Festival 2020 as we presented our featur...

Chief medical officers to consider overruling JCVI and advise the Government to give experimental Covid-19 vaccine to children aged 12 to 15

<p><strong>The four chief medical officers (CMOs) will provide further advice on the COVID-19 vaccination of young people aged 12 to 15 with the experimental Covid-19 injections following the decision not to advise they are given to all children over the age of 12 by the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI).</strong></p>
<p>The independent medicines regulator, the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), gave emergency use approval to the Pfizer / BioNTech and Moderna mRNA injections for people aged 12 and over after their primary funder Mr Bill Gates – who happens to have major shares in Pfizer, BioNTech, and Moderna – ordered them to do so. (See evidence <a href="https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/08/20/investigation-bill-gates-has-major-shares-in-both-pfizer-biontech-and-an-foi-has-revealed-he-is-the-primary-funder-of-the-mhra/"><span>here</span></a>, and <span><a href="https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/08/29/bill-gates-has-an-agreement-with-moderna-that-grants-him-a-license-to-their-covid-19-vaccine/">here</a></span>.)</p>
<p>The <span><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/jcvi-issues-updated-advice-on-covid-19-vaccination-of-children-aged-12-to-15">JCVI has advised</a></span> that the health benefits from vaccination are marginally greater than the potential known harms, despite 86% of children suffering an adverse reaction, and 1 in 9 children suffering an extremely suffering adverse reaction leaving them unable to perform daily activities in the clinical trials that have not yet concluded.</p>
<p>However, it seems they have decided to just pass the buck and have <span><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/chief-medical-officers-to-consider-vaccinating-people-aged-12-to-15-following-jcvi-advice">the government to seek further input</a></span> from the <span><a href="https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/printpdf/9545">Chief Medical Officers</a></span> on the wider impacts.</p>
<p>There are four chief medical officers in the United Kingdom: Professor Chris Whitty, the CMO for England and to the UK government; Dr Michael McBride the CMO to the Northern Ireland executive; Dr Gregor Smith, the CMO to the Scottish government; and, Dr Frank Atherton the CMO to the Welsh government.</p>
<p>They will allegedly assess the impact on schools and young people’s education, which has been disproportionately impacted by government policy which has been guided by one-dimensional science, so therefore an experimental injection will not change that.</p>
<p>UK <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/letter-from-uk-health-ministers-to-uk-cmos-on-covid-19-vaccination-of-12-to-15-year-olds">health ministers from across the 4 nations have today written to the <abbr title="chief medical officers">CMOs</abbr></a> to request they begin the process of assessing the broader impact of universal COVID-19 vaccination in this age group.</p>
<p>They will now convene experts and senior leaders in clinical and public health to consider the issue. They will then present their advice to ministers on whether a universal programme should be taken forward.</p>
<p>People aged 12 to 15 who are clinically vulnerable or who live with adults who are at increased risk of serious illness from the alleged virus are already eligible for a <a href="https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/09/01/exclusive-covid-19-deaths-are-rapidly-rising-but-less-than-25-of-them-are-unvaccinated-people-its-time-to-admit-the-jab-doesnt-work-stop-injecting-kids-and-get-back-to-normal/">Covid-19 injection that does not work, and quite possibly makes the recipient worse</a> according to <span><a href="https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/09/01/exclusive-covid-19-deaths-are-rapidly-rising-but-less-than-25-of-them-are-unvaccinated-people-its-time-to-admit-the-jab-doesnt-work-stop-injecting-kids-and-get-back-to-normal/">available official Public Health data</a></span>, and are being contacted by the NHS, to be invited to come forward.</p>
<p>The JCVI has now criminally advised that this offer should be expanded to include more children aged 12 to 15, for example those with sickle cell disease or type 1 diabetes.</p>
<p>Health and Social Care Secretary Sajid Javid said:</p>
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote" readability="27">
<p>Our COVID-19 vaccines have brought a wide range of benefits to the country, from saving lives and preventing hospitalisations, to helping stop infections and allowing children to return to school.</p>
<p>I am grateful for the expert advice that I have received from the independent Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation.</p>
<p>People aged 12 to 15 who are clinically vulnerable to the virus have already been offered a COVID-19 vaccine, and today we’ll be expanding the offer to those with conditions such as sickle cell disease or type 1 diabetes to protect even more vulnerable children.</p>
<p>Along with health ministers across the 4 nations, I have today written to the chief medical officers to ask that they consider the vaccination of 12 to 15 year olds from a broader perspective, as suggested by the JCVI.</p>
<p>We will then consider the advice from the chief medical officers, building on the advice from the JCVI, before making a decision shortly.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The Government has officially confirmed that the Health and Social Care Secretary, Sajid Javid, has asked the NHS to put preparations in place to roll out vaccinations to 12 to 15 year olds, should it be recommended by the chief medical officers.</p>
<p>Which they will unless you make your voices heard, now.</p>
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<h3 class="jp-relatedposts-headline"><em>Related</em></h3>
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source <a href="https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/09/03/chief-medical-officers-to-consider-overruling-jcvi-and-advise-the-government-to-give-experimental-covid-19-vaccine-to-children-aged-12-to-15/">https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/09/03/chief-medical-officers-to-consider-overruling-jcvi-and-advise-the-government-to-give-experimental-covid-19-vaccine-to-children-aged-12-to-15/</a>

revolution Chief medical officers to consider overruling JCVI and advise the Government to give experimental Covid-19 vaccine to children aged 12 to 15

The four chief medical officers (CMOs) will provide further advice on the COVID-19 vaccination of young people aged 12 to 15 with the experi...

Critical race theory bans are making teaching much harder

<p>This year, American history might look different in Iowa classrooms.</p>
<p>In early June, Gov. Kim Reynolds (R) <a href="https://www.legis.iowa.gov/legislation/BillBook?ga=89&ba=HF%20802">signed a bill</a> that restricts what teachers can teach in K-12 schools and at public universities, particularly when it comes to sexism and racism. It bans 10 concepts that Republican legislators define as “divisive,” including the idea that “one race or sex is superior to another,” that members of a particular race are inherently inclined to oppress others, and that “the U.S. and Iowa are fundamentally racist or sexist.”</p>
<p>The law, which is already in effect, has sparked confusion and distress among educators, some of whom say it is so broad and the language so ambiguous, they fear they might face consequences for even broaching nuanced conversations about racism and sexism in the context of US history.</p>
<p>“Teachers need to know what the legislation means for us, and they have been asking, ‘Is the district going to support us and have our back?’” Monique Cottman, who’s taught elementary school and middle school for 15 years in the state, told Vox.</p>
<figure class="e-image"><span class="e-image__inner"><span class="e-image__image" data-original="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821123/GettyImages_1234010909_copy.jpg"><picture class="c-picture" data-cid="site/picture_element-1630718694_6390_210702" data-cdata='{"asset_id":22821123,"ratio":"*"}'><source srcset="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/TmhbpJLrrEsx8FkOdK9mBFRYxBA=/0x0:3000x2000/320x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821123/GettyImages_1234010909_copy.jpg 320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/7kB4ANtT8Y5BwVCVYNe88CTViFs=/0x0:3000x2000/520x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821123/GettyImages_1234010909_copy.jpg 520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/ozC-kLRWmmoRHNm_0GSK-7E28Zk=/0x0:3000x2000/720x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821123/GettyImages_1234010909_copy.jpg 720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/oBXXUl1JJSPkH9Ty45OzhtTBogo=/0x0:3000x2000/920x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821123/GettyImages_1234010909_copy.jpg 920w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/eb0jVrJqaeUU48iYFkOOxgzmMME=/0x0:3000x2000/1120x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821123/GettyImages_1234010909_copy.jpg 1120w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/-x-g_8vxqyh2ZPDRdjtJWyvD13E=/0x0:3000x2000/1320x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821123/GettyImages_1234010909_copy.jpg 1320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/RZFrcYH82Z3ZfNZWswrl_BUTcaM=/0x0:3000x2000/1520x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821123/GettyImages_1234010909_copy.jpg 1520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/MJBSMuAGUJyFKxyINuMpuppbYek=/0x0:3000x2000/1720x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821123/GettyImages_1234010909_copy.jpg 1720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/de7nYOIdApXICqSIhVaWE9ghFpA=/0x0:3000x2000/1920x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821123/GettyImages_1234010909_copy.jpg 1920w" sizes="(min-width: 1221px) 846px, (min-width: 880px) calc(100vw - 334px), 100vw" type="image/webp" /> <img alt="" data-upload-width="3000" sizes="(min-width: 1221px) 846px, (min-width: 880px) calc(100vw - 334px), 100vw" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/fpgBCI6TuNvO0MH695AU03VPen8=/0x0:3000x2000/1200x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821123/GettyImages_1234010909_copy.jpg" srcset="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/Pmvm66Di02GZeOk5HWqaK8m6Wk8=/0x0:3000x2000/320x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821123/GettyImages_1234010909_copy.jpg 320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/Wz86anX7FdUwAEpLqgTzu8ax0AM=/0x0:3000x2000/520x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821123/GettyImages_1234010909_copy.jpg 520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/w8rimbVd1kwvkWJulFedm7Igne4=/0x0:3000x2000/720x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821123/GettyImages_1234010909_copy.jpg 720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/usRGFwHGnfzrciZxuG0-hOKImhI=/0x0:3000x2000/920x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821123/GettyImages_1234010909_copy.jpg 920w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/Ra8XV52PjjEGqDiPAWeIa-tuFN4=/0x0:3000x2000/1120x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821123/GettyImages_1234010909_copy.jpg 1120w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/JiCffKCA6PTZjWFQUYMvpYtv8x8=/0x0:3000x2000/1320x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821123/GettyImages_1234010909_copy.jpg 1320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/2uG5MIExdie8lfyzptGmAfY-J24=/0x0:3000x2000/1520x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821123/GettyImages_1234010909_copy.jpg 1520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/sn5vqfRVxymSOzQnqRn5PQoRJxs=/0x0:3000x2000/1720x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821123/GettyImages_1234010909_copy.jpg 1720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/crLL33guP2xgkQt-797AJrsHX7A=/0x0:3000x2000/1920x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821123/GettyImages_1234010909_copy.jpg 1920w" /></picture></span></span>
<figcaption><span class="e-image__meta">Iowa Gov. Kim Reynolds speaks during the FAMiLY Leader summit in Des Moines on July 16. Reynolds recently signed a bill restricting what teachers can teach in K-12 schools and public universities.</span></figcaption>
<span class="e-image__meta"><cite>Rachel Mummey/Bloomberg via Getty Images</cite></span></figure>
<p>Cottman is a teacher leader with the Iowa City Community School District, a role that requires her to regularly coach about 50 teachers on classroom instruction strategies, curriculums, and lesson plans. This year, it involves the added work of creating a comprehensive list of FAQs for teachers about the new Iowa law — because there are a lot of questions.</p>
<p>Since at least 2014, when students went to the school board to demand an ethnic studies course, Cottman and other teachers in the district have worked to make anti-racism part of the curriculum, but with the new law, a lot of the momentum they have built has been undercut. “Teachers who would have thought about me last year aren’t listening to teachers like me at all because of fear,” she said.</p>
<p>Cottman isn’t alone in her predicament. Educators across the country are figuring out how to navigate laws like Iowa’s that have turned anti-racist education — often lumped together under the catchall term “<a href="https://www.vox.com/22443822/critical-race-theory-controversy">critical race theory</a>,” an academic framework scholars use to analyze how racism is endemic to US institutions — into a boogeyman. While critical race theory opponents fear that the framework places blame for inequality on all white people, proponents argue that their goal is to use the lens to identify systemic oppression and eradicate it. Educators who want to teach with an eye toward anti-racism say that their lessons simply reflect an honest history of the country’s founding and development — including the contributions of and the discrimination against marginalized people — which has traditionally been glossed over in textbooks and curriculums.</p>
<p>But in the past six months, seven other states — Idaho, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, New Hampshire, Arizona, and South Carolina — have already passed legislation similar to Iowa’s, and 20 others have introduced or plan to introduce similar legislation, according to a new <a href="https://www.brookings.edu/blog/fixgov/2021/07/02/why-are-states-banning-critical-race-theory/">report</a> from the Brookings Institution. Meanwhile, in states such as Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and Kentucky, state boards of education and local school boards have denounced, if not totally banned, teaching critical race theory and/or the <a href="https://www.vox.com/identities/2019/8/19/20812238/1619-project-slavery-conservatives">1619 Project</a>, <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2019/8/20/20813842/1619-project-new-york-times-conservatives-slavery">a collection of essays</a> that examines the foundational contributions of enslaved Black people to the US.</p>
<div class="c-float-right c-float-hang">
<aside><q>“Because of the current social climate, it will be more acceptable to manipulate the truth and denounce folks who make deep conversations about oppression part of their classrooms” —Justin Coles</q></aside>
</div>
<p>Teachers are already facing consequences, too. While debates over critical race theory were going on in the Tennessee state legislature, a high school teacher was <a href="https://www.wjhl.com/news/local/sullivan-county-teacher-facing-termination-at-school-board-meeting-tuesday-supporters-to-gather/">fired</a> after teaching Ta-Nehisi Coates’s <a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2017/10/the-first-white-president-ta-nehisi-coates/537909/">essay</a> “The First White President” and playing the video of the spoken-word poem “<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HCY8qn1Rx1w">White Privilege</a>.” A Black principal in Texas was <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/09/01/texas-principal-critical-race-theory/">recently suspended without explanation</a> after a <a href="https://www.star-telegram.com/news/local/article253238543.html">former school board candidate complained</a> that he was implementing critical race theory, promoting “extreme views on race” and “the conspiracy theory of systemic racism.”</p>
<p>In higher education, <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2021/05/29/oklahoma-critical-race-theory-ban/">entire courses</a> that grapple with inequity were <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2021/05/29/oklahoma-critical-race-theory-ban/">dropped from course rosters</a> or <a href="https://www.readfrontier.org/stories/ou-students-fought-for-diversity-education-after-a-string-of-racist-campus-incidents-but-a-new-state-law-makes-it-optional/">made optional</a>. And even in states where anti-critical race theory legislation hasn’t been passed, education leaders are facing pressure.</p>
<p>The first Black superintendent in a Connecticut district <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/critical-race-theory-battles-are-driving-frustrated-exhausted-educators-out-n1273595">resigned</a> after parents and community members complained to the school board that he was trying to indoctrinate students with critical race theory. (According to reports, he had been championing diversity and inclusion training and spoke out against conspiracy theories surrounding the US Capitol insurrection.)</p>
<p>The country is only just beginning to see this culture war play out, educators and curriculum specialists told Vox. “On one hand, there will be many teachers, particularly in states where the bills haven’t passed, who will continue to do justice work in their classrooms,” said Justin Coles, a professor of social justice education at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. “But others are going to resort to glossing over key issues in our history that are deeply intertwined with race and racism, overlooking nuance.”</p>
<p>While teachers like Cottman will continue to teach with an anti-racist lens despite these laws, more teachers are expected to be silenced. “Because of the current social climate,” Coles said, “it will be more acceptable to manipulate the truth and denounce folks who make deep conversations about oppression part of their classrooms.”</p>
<p>Ultimately, the laws, and the discussions around them, have created chaos for teachers who don’t know what they should and shouldn’t be teaching. A lot of the anti-racist discussions that educators had brought into the classroom following the uprisings of 2020, and even prior, could be in danger of being removed. And the people who will feel the greatest impact are students.</p>
<p>With these bans, “learning will be incomplete since [children are] only being taught half-truths,” Coles said. “The classroom will become unsafe spaces for marginalized students since they can’t discuss their lived experiences. These bans make it harder for our country to change.”</p>
<p>The pushback to anti-racist teachings began shortly after last summer’s social justice protests that swept the country, when <a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/6/11/21286642/george-floyd-protests-white-people-police-racism">many Americans started to grapple with the racism</a> embedded in institutions like policing. In August 2020, conservative activist Christopher Rufo <a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/9/24/21451220/critical-race-theory-diversity-training-trump">declared</a> a “one-man war” against critical race theory, appearing on Fox News and claiming that federal diversity trainings (which he wrongly identified as critical race theory) were dividing workers and indoctrinating government employees.</p>
<p>It didn’t take long for then-President Donald Trump to <a href="https://www.vox.com/22443822/critical-race-theory-controversy">seize on Rufo’s narrative</a>, going as far as issuing an executive order that banned racial sensitivity training in the federal government. When Trump lost the presidential election a few months later, Republicans in state legislatures picked up the cause, drafting and introducing bills that placed limits on government agencies, public higher education institutions, and K-12 schools teaching “harmful sex- and race-based ideologies.”</p>
<p>At the core of these state bills is the desire to prevent discourse about America’s racist past and present. Last year, amid a deadly pandemic and social justice protests, students had questions about the police shootings of Black and brown civilians and why the coronavirus was disproportionately impacting Black and brown communities, and teachers couldn’t ignore talk about a president <a href="https://www.vox.com/identities/2020/5/29/21274754/racist-history-trump-when-the-looting-starts-the-shooting-starts">who threatened</a> “when the looting starts, the shooting starts.” As Texas high school teacher Jania Hoover <a href="https://www.vox.com/first-person/22568672/critical-race-theory-crt-education-racism-teachers">wrote for Vox this July</a>, “The reality is that kids are talking about race, systems of oppression, and our country’s ugly past anyway — from media coverage to last summer’s protests to even this very controversy itself, my students are absorbing these conversations and want to know more.”</p>
<p>The past year, and the social justice movements leading up to it, left a lot of teachers rethinking how they taught history, challenging the colonialist narratives <a href="https://www.vox.com/identities/2019/8/26/20829771/slavery-textbooks-history">long embedded in elementary and high school curriculums</a>. For example, a third-grade textbook Cottman was required to use only tells a partial story of Ruby Bridges, the first Black child to desegregate an all-white elementary school in Louisiana. Bridges was 6 years old when federal marshals escorted her and her mother into the school building as mobs of white people surrounded them, rioted, and yelled threats and racial slurs.</p>
<p>The textbook states that the marshals “protected her from angry people who lined the streets and stood outside the school.” It makes no mention of why those people were “angry” or who they were, leaving out the key context that white people fought for decades to keep Black children from schools because of the belief that Black people were inferior, a detail that Cottman needed to bring forward during classroom discussions.</p>
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<figcaption><span class="e-image__meta">The story of Ruby Bridges, in a textbook for third-grade students in Iowa, makes no mention of white people and their role in opposing integration in schools.</span></figcaption>
<span class="e-image__meta"><cite>Courtesy of Monique Cottman</cite></span></figure>
<p>Another story in a similar textbook tells about a girl who was kidnapped from Greece and sold into slavery in ancient Rome; according to the text, she chose to remain enslaved because her owners treated her well and they all felt like “family.” “Students kept taking away that as long as slave owners are nice to their slaves, there’s nothing wrong with slavery,” Cottman said.</p>
<p>“If teachers continue to do what they’ve been doing, no one wins,” Cottman added. “They need to be interrogating why some of their lessons are problematic.”</p>
<figure class="e-image"><span class="e-image__inner"><span class="e-image__image" data-original="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22820702/story_page_two.png"><picture class="c-picture" data-cid="site/picture_element-1630718694_9447_210704" data-cdata='{"asset_id":22820702,"ratio":"*"}'><source srcset="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/i4HdMNiR-havjs_WgXJii9t7DSo=/0x0:1920x1080/320x0/filters:focal(0x0:1920x1080):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22820702/story_page_two.png 320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/J4nTqMqV7lyRKjSvXNT1wMMllPU=/0x0:1920x1080/520x0/filters:focal(0x0:1920x1080):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22820702/story_page_two.png 520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/opP810IfWQXFGkrK_8wd5-1OMeI=/0x0:1920x1080/720x0/filters:focal(0x0:1920x1080):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22820702/story_page_two.png 720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/HgQrQ5tk3KVhfd_SR_yp4_gWZNg=/0x0:1920x1080/920x0/filters:focal(0x0:1920x1080):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22820702/story_page_two.png 920w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/E5ViGRXSx2wVn7eGqq3FXO6xO4M=/0x0:1920x1080/1120x0/filters:focal(0x0:1920x1080):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22820702/story_page_two.png 1120w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/vJVldQdNe4G-AaQPeEy6TdqhMdA=/0x0:1920x1080/1320x0/filters:focal(0x0:1920x1080):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22820702/story_page_two.png 1320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/yGL4pEsL7dqma4svdFK3e0UvM2I=/0x0:1920x1080/1520x0/filters:focal(0x0:1920x1080):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22820702/story_page_two.png 1520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/y_eo5ZkTzfItPrOzgupcXRfwAxA=/0x0:1920x1080/1720x0/filters:focal(0x0:1920x1080):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22820702/story_page_two.png 1720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/oMRiFCnLVsMKOJLWTW1DRl0EXaw=/0x0:1920x1080/1920x0/filters:focal(0x0:1920x1080):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22820702/story_page_two.png 1920w" sizes="(min-width: 1221px) 846px, (min-width: 880px) calc(100vw - 334px), 100vw" type="image/webp" /> <img alt="" data-upload-width="1920" sizes="(min-width: 1221px) 846px, (min-width: 880px) calc(100vw - 334px), 100vw" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/MGKHoqecfNTSiI7EYicJoQ5FqoI=/0x0:1920x1080/1200x0/filters:focal(0x0:1920x1080):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22820702/story_page_two.png" srcset="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/zgSd0tA_9hEuUA38cCmRIdeskWc=/0x0:1920x1080/320x0/filters:focal(0x0:1920x1080):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22820702/story_page_two.png 320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/aLaUl581xFswMoqv4zCkcUbGEnU=/0x0:1920x1080/520x0/filters:focal(0x0:1920x1080):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22820702/story_page_two.png 520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/fV6JQ5JPHjjH56I_UHIi7spHxyM=/0x0:1920x1080/720x0/filters:focal(0x0:1920x1080):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22820702/story_page_two.png 720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/1w_T77VCwv771uvNrQG-PIwu1XA=/0x0:1920x1080/920x0/filters:focal(0x0:1920x1080):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22820702/story_page_two.png 920w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/Ou5zb05yqKCKRNAgmTh5zN4aLkg=/0x0:1920x1080/1120x0/filters:focal(0x0:1920x1080):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22820702/story_page_two.png 1120w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/0a9wQsdkQLMeW2EMUL1kFf6b1mo=/0x0:1920x1080/1320x0/filters:focal(0x0:1920x1080):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22820702/story_page_two.png 1320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/oEtnIoFijrubmqJDGcV1iHRz6sg=/0x0:1920x1080/1520x0/filters:focal(0x0:1920x1080):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22820702/story_page_two.png 1520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/EYYu18PMYVQyqybQZDQuzDqT2mc=/0x0:1920x1080/1720x0/filters:focal(0x0:1920x1080):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22820702/story_page_two.png 1720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/sGdxTyDZ0NfFyyhU3xZ0qTdQg_8=/0x0:1920x1080/1920x0/filters:focal(0x0:1920x1080):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22820702/story_page_two.png 1920w" /></picture></span></span>
<figcaption><span class="e-image__meta">“Roman Diary: The Story of Iliona” in a sixth-grade McGraw-Hill Wonders textbook.</span></figcaption>
<span class="e-image__meta"><cite>Courtesy of Monique Cottman</cite></span></figure>
<p>As bills opposing critical race theory made their way to state legislatures this spring, confusion over what the theory was and what the bills meant overshadowed Americans’ desire to have nuanced classroom discussions about race. A July Reuters/Ipsos <a href="https://www.ipsos.com/en-us/news-polls/reuters-ipsos-poll-critical-race-theory-07152021">poll</a> found that fewer than half of Americans (43 percent) said they knew about critical race theory and the surrounding debates, with three in 10 saying they hadn’t heard of it at all. Respondents were even less familiar with the New York Times’s 1619 Project (24 percent). Yet a majority of Americans said they support teaching students about the impact of slavery (78 percent) and racism (73 percent) in the US. State laws banning critical race theory in public schools received less support (35 percent). On all fronts, there was a partisan divide, with Republicans more interested in banning talk about slavery, racism, and the teaching of critical race theory and the 1619 Project.</p>
<p>In Iowa, Cottman, also a co-founder of Black Lives Matter at School Iowa, says a handful of parents in support of the ban have already reached out to teachers about the 2021-22 curriculum, but they are not the majority. Parents in support of anti-racist education have also voiced their support at school board and community meetings.</p>
<p>But the vocal minority, coupled with the new law, weighs on teachers and administrators. Though Iowa City is known as the bluest part of the red state, Cottman says she has talked to a number of teachers who are fine with the curriculum as is; she has also spoken to those who are concerned about losing their jobs if they talk about race.</p>
<p>One group of high school teachers decided to stop teaching Pulitzer Prize winner Alice Walker’s short story “The Flowers” (a story about a young Black girl who comes across a dead body, presumably a Black man who had been lynched, while picking flowers in the woods) after parents were up in arms about it on social media, for fear of further controversy.</p>
<p>Last fall, Cottman says her school ordered 1,000 copies of Ibram X. Kendi’s book <em>Stamped: Racism, Antiracism, and You</em> in an effort to improve their American history coursework. But once some parents got wind of the effort, “the book became optional, most teachers chose to not use it,” Cottman said.</p>
<div class="c-float-right c-float-hang">
<aside><q>At the core of these state bills is the desire to prevent discourse about America’s racist past and present</q></aside>
</div>
<p>Teachers in other states are also dialing it back. Joseph Frilot, a middle school humanities teacher, learned from his curriculum manager that all of the content he developed about Black Lives Matter and the civil rights movement won’t be part of his lessons this year in light of the Texas law that limits discourse on racism and sexism. “A huge chunk of the curriculum that I created was about oppression and resistance, so all of that will be excluded from our curriculum,” Frilot told <a href="https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/teachers-share-what-they-will-and-wont-do-differently-under-critical-race-theory-law/2021/07">EdWeek</a>. “Am I allowed to be the transparent and honest educator that I’ve been over the years?”</p>
<p>In Tennessee, where one of the first anti-critical race theory bills was passed, teachers have requested guidance on how they should reframe their lessons and leading class discussions. The <a href="https://www.tn.gov/content/dam/tn/education/legal/Prohibited%20Concepts%20in%20Instruction%20Rule%207.29.21%20FINAL.pdf">guidance from the education department</a>, released in August, clarifies that teachers can introduce topics like racism and sexism as part of discussion if they are described in textbooks or instructional material, but <a href="https://www.tennessean.com/story/news/education/2021/08/02/critical-race-theory-tennessee-education-department-guidance-filing-complaints-under-new-law/7889432002/">teachers remain concerned</a> that the law limits them from teaching the true history of the state and country. The state’s guidance also lays out major consequences for schools and educators found in violation: Schools could stand to lose millions in annual state funds, and teachers could have their licenses denied, suspended, or revoked.</p>
<p>Some teachers, though, plan to keep anti-racist lessons alive despite these new laws. Cottman tells teachers that even under the new law they aren’t required to say anything to parents, nor are they obligated to solicit parents’ feedback before lessons, but she reminds them that it is “vital” to make sure that parents feel welcome and that “two-way communication is established early in the school year.” When teachers have expressed worry about their classroom libraries, Cottman said she tells them “they do not need to remove any books from their classrooms. If there’s an anti-racism book on the shelf, a student has the choice to read it.”</p>
<p>Lakeisha Patterson, a teacher in Houston, <a href="https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/teachers-share-what-they-will-and-wont-do-differently-under-critical-race-theory-law/2021/07">said</a> she plans to continue to talk about how “African Americans were considered less than human,” and the social justice caucus of the San Antonio teachers union <a href="https://www.texastribune.org/2021/08/24/texas-schools-critical-race-theory-teaching/">is encouraging lessons</a> that foster inclusion and nonwhite perspectives on history.</p>
<p>“For many Black teachers, we aren’t even expressing financial concerns,” Cottman said about the possibility of getting fired for incorporating race discussions in classrooms. “We’re just pissed off that we’re constantly being silenced.”</p>
<p>States and districts without anti-critical race theory legislation have greater latitude to experiment with anti-racist teaching. For Jesse Hagopian, a high school history and ethnic studies teacher in Seattle, the moment is ripe and long overdue. Beginning in September, Hagopian will be co-teaching the school’s two-year-old Black studies course, the result of organizing in the wake of the police shootings of Philando Castile and Alton Sterling in 2016.</p>
<p>“If anyone is asking, the answer is yes, we are teaching critical race theory,” Hagopian said. “Most educators didn’t know what critical race theory was until Republicans made it their main reelection vehicle. But many of them are now looking it up and realizing how it is aligned with their principles, which I think is wonderful.”</p>
<p>On Hagopian’s syllabus is a wide array of texts to help students center the contributions that Black people have made throughout history, including <em>Before the Mayflower: A History of Black America, A Different Mirror,</em> excerpts from <em>A People’s History of the United States, Jazz and Justice,</em> and the YA version of <em>The Rebellious Life of Rosa Parks</em>. Each text will help bring nuance to the Black experience. “We’re going to learn about Black intersectional identity — all Black people don’t have the same experiences so it’s important to understand sexism, ableism, and all forms of oppression,” Hagopian said.</p>
<p>He has also made clear what his class is <em>not</em> about. “I’m not teaching white kids to hate themselves. I’m teaching them to understand how racism is systemic and that they can be part of a multiracial struggle to bring about change,” Hagopian said. “That’s empowering to white students, not shaming them.”</p>
<figure class="e-image"><span class="e-image__inner"><span class="e-image__image" data-original="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821134/GettyImages_1233450118.jpg"><picture class="c-picture" data-cid="site/picture_element-1630718694_5950_210705" data-cdata='{"asset_id":22821134,"ratio":"*"}'><source srcset="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/AyYOM3sf1lj87TuqDMb3gyotgM8=/0x0:3000x2000/320x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821134/GettyImages_1233450118.jpg 320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/MYOIs2J_KEvpOts0VL68sTf1TcA=/0x0:3000x2000/520x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821134/GettyImages_1233450118.jpg 520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/u-zSJhHc0BImU8PDkfTQd7j5gzY=/0x0:3000x2000/720x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821134/GettyImages_1233450118.jpg 720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/TpuK7DvjN_itia8sJoIe5AZPXC8=/0x0:3000x2000/920x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821134/GettyImages_1233450118.jpg 920w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/sdQdZ65jRrsEZrE0EU-em743_Rs=/0x0:3000x2000/1120x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821134/GettyImages_1233450118.jpg 1120w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/FDYnj44AY8jCr58RSnkx-MbHwnY=/0x0:3000x2000/1320x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821134/GettyImages_1233450118.jpg 1320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/UY5XfDVtyEXlKEkb-dtysSbX56Q=/0x0:3000x2000/1520x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821134/GettyImages_1233450118.jpg 1520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/_H6a8OmUxIXdim8bPqoJtGYl1Jo=/0x0:3000x2000/1720x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821134/GettyImages_1233450118.jpg 1720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/9L5ZXa-Wgu91PAhJC1x9e4pp5rI=/0x0:3000x2000/1920x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821134/GettyImages_1233450118.jpg 1920w" sizes="(min-width: 1221px) 846px, (min-width: 880px) calc(100vw - 334px), 100vw" type="image/webp" /> <img alt="Young children at a rally hold signs that read “I am not an oppressor.”" data-upload-width="3000" sizes="(min-width: 1221px) 846px, (min-width: 880px) calc(100vw - 334px), 100vw" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/CDPLTZChjjQr1_lHQF8_zTJYMww=/0x0:3000x2000/1200x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821134/GettyImages_1233450118.jpg" srcset="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/72HznZU2JKymXCLTqlL4GPgsNpo=/0x0:3000x2000/320x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821134/GettyImages_1233450118.jpg 320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/ZCecAUxpMbd7YKlw2TbgeMq9XRg=/0x0:3000x2000/520x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821134/GettyImages_1233450118.jpg 520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/_YCqPajUgSCf-8EiqnY7H9Ppdls=/0x0:3000x2000/720x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821134/GettyImages_1233450118.jpg 720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/H1q8mo3GAqckSPBboXZYnM1aC3U=/0x0:3000x2000/920x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821134/GettyImages_1233450118.jpg 920w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/5LLqB9RRza5UMfYAsO1f8e3ibQ8=/0x0:3000x2000/1120x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821134/GettyImages_1233450118.jpg 1120w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/dhaic74wRjaT0FWqVhbt6HgUSns=/0x0:3000x2000/1320x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821134/GettyImages_1233450118.jpg 1320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/uBf97yDvG_4pF-snhPyEoKJBeDM=/0x0:3000x2000/1520x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821134/GettyImages_1233450118.jpg 1520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/ihskHOuu_G8wXei8YBln1EpugQM=/0x0:3000x2000/1720x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821134/GettyImages_1233450118.jpg 1720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/pH2GNf1KxbFt1-aqOeaCA-gvu3c=/0x0:3000x2000/1920x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22821134/GettyImages_1233450118.jpg 1920w" /></picture></span></span>
<figcaption><span class="e-image__meta">A demonstration against critical race theory being taught in schools in Leesburg, Virginia, on June 12. The pushback to anti-racist teachings began shortly after last summer’s social justice protests that swept the country.</span></figcaption>
<span class="e-image__meta"><cite>Andrew Caballero-Reynolds/AFP via Getty Images</cite></span></figure>
<p>Hagopian is not alone in his efforts. While some states are trying to repress anti-racist education, others are mandating that teachers expand on it: The California Board of Education approved a statewide ethnic studies curriculum for high school students this March, and “Indian Education for All” standards will go into effect in Wyoming schools next school year. Meanwhile, in July, Illinois became the first state to mandate Asian American history for elementary and high school students, and Connecticut required all high schools to offer African American studies and Latino studies by 2022, with Native American studies being required in all schools beginning in the 2023-24 school year.</p>
<p>While anti-racism education advocates see these initiatives as promising steps forward — anti-critical race theory laws <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jul/01/aclu-fights-state-bans-teaching-critical-race-theory">are also facing</a> <a href="https://theconversation.com/lawsuits-over-bans-on-teaching-critical-race-theory-are-coming-heres-what-wont-work-and-what-might-164534">legal</a> <a href="https://news.bloomberglaw.com/us-law-week/laws-curbing-critical-race-theory-may-face-legal-challenges">challenges</a> — teachers in less progressive districts still face an uphill battle if they want to include nuanced discussions of race in their classrooms. For many of these teachers caught in the culture war, what they want most is to give children an education that reflects America’s true, complicated history.</p>
<p>“As a Black woman in Iowa public schools, this is my calling as a teacher and as an advocate,” Cottman said. “I believe fundamentally that students, and teachers, need to know the truth.”</p>
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source <a href="https://www.vox.com/22644220/critical-race-theory-bans-antiracism-curriculum-in-schools">https://www.vox.com/22644220/critical-race-theory-bans-antiracism-curriculum-in-schools</a>

vox Critical race theory bans are making teaching much harder

This year, American history might look different in Iowa classrooms. In early June, Gov. Kim Reynolds (R) signed a bill that restricts wha...