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India’s farmers confronted Modi and won. What happens now?

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In a <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-59342627">surprise reversal</a> that follows more than a year of nonstop protests, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi <a href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/pm-modi-announces-repeal-of-three-contentious-farm-laws/article37573664.ece">has agreed to repeal three controversial laws</a> affecting the country’s agricultural industry.
The laws, which sparked a massive protest movement after they were <a href="https://apnews.com/article/india-legislation-narendra-modi-bills-agriculture-e07f7b1419613cba731560cf3065a9ba">passed</a> in September 2020, were designed to modernize India’s agriculture industry — but India’s farmers and other critics said they would advantage corporations at farmers’ expense.
Modi’s decision to back down is a key victory for farmers, whose protests have centered on the Indian capital of New Delhi, and a sign of growing dissatisfaction with the increasingly Hindu-nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party, which Modi leads.
“Today, I beg the forgiveness of my countrymen and say with a pure heart and honest mind that perhaps there was some shortcoming,” <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/18/world/asia/india-farmers-modi.html">Modi said</a> in a television address to the nation on Friday announcing the decision.
It was an unusual show of contrition for Modi, under whose leadership India has become increasingly <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-56393944">authoritarian</a> in than the more than seven years since he took office — and a neat bit of political theater, according to <a href="https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6w56781n#main">Angana Chatterji</a>, an anthropologist at the University of California Berkeley.
“While promising to repeal three laws, Mr. Modi has not apologized for his structurally and socially flawed policies,” Chatterji said. “Backing down in the face of prolific and sustained dissent mounted by farmers, Modi admitted only to neglect and oversight in how the policies were messaged.”
Modi’s government has previously shrugged off criticism of some of his most alarming policies. The international community condemned his 2019 <a href="https://www.vox.com/2019/8/5/20754813/india-kashmir-article-370-modi-hindu-muslim">annexation of Kashmir</a> — a contested, majority-Muslim region divided between India, Pakistan, and China — which nonetheless was led by its own state government until Modi changed India’s constitution, abolishing Kashmir’s long-held autonomy and forcing the citizens of the Indian territory into a months-long <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-india-kashmir-blackout/india-isolates-kashmir-by-shutting-down-communications-as-big-change-announced-idUSKCN1UV1R7">communications and information blackout.</a>
Yet the farm laws — three separate pieces of legislation collectively designed to modernize India’s agricultural sector — proved to be deeply contentious, and Modi, already facing criticism for <a href="https://www.vox.com/coronavirus-covid19/22628806/india-covid-19-cases-deaths-delta-variant">India’s catastrophic response to the Covid-19 pandemic</a>, ultimately backed down.
The laws promised to open the agriculture market to commercial buyers, as opposed to the current system of government markets purchasing farmers’ goods and effectively guaranteeing them a minimum income. But as <a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/12/2/21726648/india-farmer-protests-strike-action-new-delhi">Vox’s Jariel Arvin</a> explained in December 2020, farmers feared this would subject them to the whims of the market and massive corporations and make it harder to make a living.
<a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/12/2/21726648/india-farmer-protests-strike-action-new-delhi">According to Arvin</a>:
<blockquote>
Although the government has said it will not drop <a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/minimum-support-price-msp-farmers-explained-6706253/">minimum support prices</a> for essential crops like grain, which the Indian government has set and guaranteed for decades, the farmers are concerned they will disappear. Without them, the farmers believe they will be at the mercy of large corporations that will pay extremely low prices for essential crops, plunging them into debt and financial ruin.
</blockquote>
As year-long protests and Modi’s retreat from the issue demonstrate, government promises of continued stability and new market opportunities ultimately couldn’t sway India’s farmers, who are often already burdened with debt and lacking alternative sources of income. According to the <a href="https://www.ibef.org/industry/agriculture-india.aspx">Brand India Equity Foundation,</a> 58 percent of India’s population depends on the agriculture industry for its livelihood — and as Arvin explains, India has struggled to provide reasonable jobs in alternative sectors, despite the fact that agriculture brings in only about <a href="https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS">18 percent of India’s GDP</a>.
Beyond just being a victory for India’s disadvantaged farmers, however, Modi’s contrition tells a bigger story about his government, its recent failings, and the state of India’s flagging democracy.
India’s agriculture system has for decades operated under a subsidy system — farmers grow food and other agricultural products and the government purchases them at a specific price from the farmers to sell internally or export, providing them with a guaranteed income. Since most farmers in India — 82 percent in 2018, according to the <a href="https://www.fao.org/india/fao-in-india/india-at-a-glance/en/">UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization</a> — are small family farmers, not large corporate farms, their incomes are extremely precarious and contingent on the ability of the government to provide a minimum basic income for their crops.
Prior to the controversy over the farm laws, <a href="https://scroll.in/article/881265/india-has-not-published-data-on-farmer-suicides-for-the-last-two-years">farmers in India already struggled with suicides</a> — sometimes due to insurmountable debt, crop failure, and the volatility of food prices. That kind of despair, combined with few alternatives for careers that can adequately support a family, particularly in rural areas of the country, put farmers in an untenable position exacerbated by last year’s attempted farm reforms.
As Sadanand Dhume, a resident fellow at the American Enterprise Institute and an expert on South Asia, <a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/12/2/21726648/india-farmer-protests-strike-action-new-delhi">explained to Vox</a> late last year, India’s agricultural system — and its economy more generally — requires significant change in order to keep up with global markets and provide an adequate standard of living for India’s population.
“If the economy were creating jobs, then there wouldn’t be as much anxiety,” <a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/12/2/21726648/india-farmer-protests-strike-action-new-delhi">Dhume said</a>. However, “because job creation [in India] has been so weak, the thought of losing the guarantee is unsettling for farmers.”
<a href="https://www.vox.com/2020/12/2/21726648/india-farmer-protests-strike-action-new-delhi">Massive protests</a> started soon after laws were passed, with farmers from all around the country — including Punjab, one of the country’s major grain suppliers, and Uttar Pradesh, the most populous state — congregating outside New Delhi.
International media coverage of the protests brought attention to the farmers’ cause, as did comments by Western celebrities like <a href="https://www.vox.com/22264556/rihanna-india-modi-greta-thunberg-farmer-protests">Rihanna</a> and <a href="https://www.vox.com/2021/2/16/22285458/india-climate-activist-farmers-protest-jail-disha-ravi">climate activist Greta Thunberg</a>, and protesters built encampments that remained through the winter, despite occasional violence and a deadly wave of Covid-19 cases.
According to Harinder Happy, a spokesperson for Samyukta Kisan Morcha, the United Front of Farmers’ Unions, “at least 670 protesters have died” over the duration of the protests from a number of causes, including <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/11/19/timeline-india-farmers-year-long-protests-farm-laws">exposure</a>, <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/24/india/india-farmers-protest-covid-intl-hnk/index.html">Covid-19</a>, and <a href="https://indianexpress.com/article/india/248-farmers-have-died-during-protest-against-three-agri-laws-7198797/">suicide</a>.
In October this year, <a href="https://www.npr.org/2021/10/04/1042972083/a-farmer-protest-in-india-turns-deadly-leaving-9-dead-and-a-town-on-edge">four protesters also died</a> when a car registered to a government minister plowed into a protesting crowd in Uttar Pradesh; previously, farmers had begun following BJP politicians as they campaigned in Uttar Pradesh in an extension of the protest movement centered on New Delhi.
Modi’s reversal on the farm laws is unusual for a strongman who has <a href="https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/indian-pm-modis-controversial-policies-reversals-2021-11-19/">rammed through legislation</a> that <a href="https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2019/9/17/20861427/india-assam-citizenship-muslim-detention-camps">violates human rights</a> and has previously <a href="https://www.uscirf.gov/sites/default/files/2020%20Legislation%20Factsheet%20-%20India_0_0.pdf">faced international condemnation.</a>
Under Modi, India has experienced a surge in Hindu nationalism, with <a href="https://www.newyorker.com/news/on-religion/the-violent-toll-of-hindu-nationalism-in-india">deadly consequences</a> for the country’s religious minorities. That nationalism has translated into political success for Modi — he won reelection in 2019 <a href="https://apnews.com/article/india-ap-top-news-elections-pakistan-international-news-32ea9c4becdc4014b8fee57d4108723d">by a landslide</a> on an overtly “Hindu-first” platform, as the AP described at the time. But his government’s response to the Covid-19 crisis — first shutting down much of India’s economy, then downplaying widespread suffering as crematoriums and hospitals overflowed during the nation’s deadly second wave — <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/01/world/asia/india-covid19-modi.html">have weakened his standing nationally</a>.
That weakness was underscored earlier this year in the Indian state of West Bengal, where Modi’s BJP <a href="https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2021/5/4/22412743/india-west-bengal-results-2021-bjp-modi-tmc-banerjee">lost decisively</a> in local elections that saw Covid-19 become a <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/02/world/asia/india-west-bengal-elections-modi.html">major issue</a>, and worries about the farm laws becoming an additional political vulnerability may have driven Modi’s decision to back down now.
“The repeal, which if enacted will partially reframe his damaging economic policy, comes in the face of the forthcoming Uttar Pradesh elections of 2022,” Chatterji told Vox over email. “Winning [Uttar Pradesh] is hyper critical for the Hindu nationalist BJP to continue their experiment in absolute nationalism in India.”
Protesters in both <a href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/will-bjp-reap-benefits-of-repeal-in-up-elections/articleshow/87808323.cms">Uttar Pradesh and Punjab</a> have already shown forceful opposition to BJP policy and an ability to organize a credible offense against them — and some experts say Modi’s decision to change course now may not be enough to repair the damage already done.
“The government is likely to spin this as the PM listening to the people, but after a year of hard protest, acrimony and violence, it’s going to be difficult to make that notion adhere,” Gilles Verniers, a political science professor at Ashoka University in India, <a href="https://apnews.com/article/business-india-narendra-modi-77a931b25cf3a74727cf9514169a68cd">told the AP</a> this week.
Despite his missteps, however, Modi appears likely to remain in office for the time being. “While this presents an opening for the political opposition, it remains to be seen if the flailing Congress Party and its allies can galvanize a comeback,” Chatterji said.
The success of the farm law protests could mark a shift, though: Given the large proportion of India’s <a href="https://www.unfpa.org/data/world-population/IN">nearly 1.4 billion people</a> who are engaged in the agriculture industry, the movement certainly had the numbers to mount a serious challenge, and Happy, the farmers’ union spokesperson, says the protesters have built a sustained movement to meet the demands of the agricultural sector.
“Indian agriculture sector and farmers and farm laborers are going through a deep crisis,” Happy said. “So our priority is to work intensively for farmers and farm laborers cause.”
The protest “was not just about [repealing] the laws, we had other demands as well,” he told Vox, including legislation to enshrine a <a href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/msp-law-bigger-battle-for-farmers-govt-say-analysts-101637329809715.html">minimum support price</a> for agricultural goods. “Those demands are still pending.”
Currently, India’s parliament is set to convene <a href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/winter-session-of-parliament-to-begin-on-november-29/articleshow/87766164.cms">later this month</a>, at which point Modi said Friday that legislators “will begin the procedure” of repealing the laws.
In his Friday speech announcing the end of the new farm laws, Modi also <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/18/world/asia/india-farmers-modi.html">told the protesters that they could go home</a> and urged them to “start afresh”; as Happy told Vox, however, that’s not happening any time soon.
“We had a meeting of core committee today and have prepared some resolutions,” Happy said, and another meeting of the General Body of the United Farmers Front on the group’s next steps is scheduled for Sunday — all while protesters remain on the outskirts of Delhi, intending to agitate until the laws are repealed and the rest of their demands are met.
“We will keep fighting until then,” Happy told Vox.
 
 
source <a href="https://www.vox.com/2021/11/20/22792934/india-farm-laws-repeal-modi-mass-protests">https://www.vox.com/2021/11/20/22792934/india-farm-laws-repeal-modi-mass-protests</a>

vox India’s farmers confronted Modi and won. What happens now?

In a surprise reversal that follows more than a year of nonstop protests, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has agreed to repeal three c...

1 Dead In Jerusalem Shooting, Palestinian Responsible, Says Israel Police

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<div class="ins_instory_dv_cont"><img alt="1 Dead In Jerusalem Shooting, Palestinian Responsible, Says Israel Police" src="https://i.ndtvimg.com/i/2017-10/israel-police-istock_650x400_61507483500.jpg" title="1 Dead In Jerusalem Shooting, Palestinian Responsible, Says Israel Police" /></div>
A police spokesperson described the gunman as a resident of East Jerusalem. (Representational)
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Jerusalem:
A Palestinian gunman from the Islamist group Hamas killed a civilian and wounded three other people in Jerusalem's Old City on Sunday before being shot dead by Israeli police, officials said.
The incident, the second attack in Jerusalem in four days, occurred near one of the gates to the flashpoint Al-Aqsa Mosque compound, the third-holiest site in Islam. Jews revere the site as the remnant of two ancient temples.
Israeli Internal Security Minister Omer Barlev described the gunman as a Hamas member from East Jerusalem. He used a submachine gun in the attack, Barlev said.
Hamas confirmed that the man identified by Israel as the assailant was its member. Britain on Friday banned Hamas, which controls the Gaza Strip and refuses permanent coexistence with Israel, as a terrorist group. That a move brought London's stance in line with the United States and the European Union.
The attack seriously wounded two civilians, one of whom died in hospital, a police spokesman said. Two police officers were lightly wounded.
Israeli Prime Minister Naftali Bennett ordered security beefed up around Jerusalem after Sunday's attack. "On a morning like this one can draw support from the (British) decision to delineate Hamas - including what is called its political wing - as a terrorist organisation," Bennett told his cabinet.
Israel captured the Old City and other parts of East Jerusalem in the 1967 Middle East war and annexed them in a move not recognised internationally.
Palestinians want East Jerusalem as the capital of a future state. Israel says the entire city is its eternal and indivisible capital.
(Except for the headline, this story has not been edited by NDTV staff and is published from a syndicated feed.)
 
 
source <a href="https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/1-dead-in-jerusalem-shooting-palestinian-responsible-says-israel-police-2619168">https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/1-dead-in-jerusalem-shooting-palestinian-responsible-says-israel-police-2619168</a>

news world 1 Dead In Jerusalem Shooting, Palestinian Responsible, Says Israel Police

A police spokesperson described the gunman as a resident of East Jerusalem. (Representational) Jerusalem: A Palestinian gunman from the...

Border Crisis "Greatest Attempt To Destabilise Europe In 30 Years": Poland

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Polish media say at least 11 migrants have died since the crisis began over the summer.
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Warsaw:
Polish Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki on Sunday called the migrant crisis on the Belarusian-Polish border, the EU's eastern frontier, the "greatest attempt to destabilise Europe" since the Cold War.
Later Sunday the Polish head of government will meet his counterparts from the Baltic states -- two of which also share a border with Belarus -- to discuss the conflict, before visiting other EU capitals this week.
Belarusian President Alexander "Lukashenko launched a hybrid war against the EU. This is (the) greatest attempt to destabilise Europe in 30 years," Morawiecki said on Twitter.
"Poland will not yield to blackmail and will do everything to defend the EU's borders."
The West accuses Belarus of artificially creating the crisis by bringing in would-be migrants -- mostly from the Middle East -- and taking them to the border with promises of an easy crossing into the European Union.
Belarus has denied the claim, instead criticising the EU for not taking in the migrants.
Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko told the BBC on Friday that it was "absolutely possible" his forces had helped people cross into the EU but denied orchestrating the operation.
"We're Slavs. We have hearts. Our troops know the migrants are going to Germany... Maybe someone helped them," he said.
"But I didn't invite them here."
Though there are signs the crisis is easing a little, on Sunday Poland's border guards reported new attempted crossings, including by a "very aggressive group of around 100" migrants.
Poland's Defence Minister Mariusz Blaszczak said Saturday that Belarus has now changed tactics by directing smaller groups of migrants to multiple points along the border.
The migrants have abandoned everything in their countries, spending thousands of dollars to fly into Belarus on tourist visas, determined to reach the European Union.
Polish media say at least 11 migrants have died since the crisis began over the summer.
(Except for the headline, this story has not been edited by NDTV staff and is published from a syndicated feed.)
 
 
source <a href="https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/border-crisis-greatest-attempt-to-destabilise-europe-in-30-years-poland-2619149">https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/border-crisis-greatest-attempt-to-destabilise-europe-in-30-years-poland-2619149</a>

news world Border Crisis "Greatest Attempt To Destabilise Europe In 30 Years": Poland

Polish media say at least 11 migrants have died since the crisis began over the summer. Warsaw: Polish Prime Minister Mateusz Morawieck...

Provide "Verifiable Evidence" About Missing Tennis Player: UK To China

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<div class="ins_instory_dv_cont"><img alt="Provide 'Verifiable Evidence' About Missing Tennis Player: UK To China" src="https://c.ndtvimg.com/2021-11/cdlobhr_peng-shuaichinatennisplayerafp_625x300_21_November_21.jpg" title="Provide 'Verifiable Evidence' About Missing Tennis Player: UK To China" /></div>
Chinese state media posted videos Saturday purporting to show Peng Shuai smiling and well
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London:
Britain on Saturday urged China to provide "verifiable evidence" about the "safety and whereabouts" of tennis star Peng Shuai, whose whereabouts are unclear after making sexual assault allegations against a top Communist Party official.
"We are extremely concerned at the apparent disappearance of Peng Shuai, and are following the case closely," the foreign office said in a statement, adding Beijing "should urgently provide verifiable evidence of her safety and whereabouts".
"Everyone should be allowed to speak out without fear of repercussions. All reports of sexual assault, anywhere in the world, should be investigated," the statement added.
London's call for clarity follows similar demands Friday from the United States and UN, and comes as Chinese state media posted videos Saturday purporting to show Peng smiling and well.
AFP has not been able to verify the authenticity of the videos.
International pressure has been mounting this week for information about the whereabouts of the 35-year-old two-time Grand Slam doubles champion, who earlier this month accused a former vice premier of forcing her to have sex.
(Except for the headline, this story has not been edited by NDTV staff and is published from a syndicated feed.)
 
 
source <a href="https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/uk-urges-china-to-provide-verifiable-evidence-about-missing-tennis-player-peng-shuai-2618920">https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/uk-urges-china-to-provide-verifiable-evidence-about-missing-tennis-player-peng-shuai-2618920</a>

news world Provide "Verifiable Evidence" About Missing Tennis Player: UK To China

Chinese state media posted videos Saturday purporting to show Peng Shuai smiling and well London: Britain on Saturday urged China to pr...

Pak Chief Justice's "No One Dares" Message Amid Courts "Not Free" Charge

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No one tells me on how to write my verdict, said Pak Chief Justice Gulzar Ahmed
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Islamabad:
Refuting allegations that the judiciary is under any pressure from security institutions, Pakistan Chief Justice Gulzar Ahmed on Saturday said that the judiciary in the country never takes dictation from other institutions.
Pakistan's Chief Justice made this comment while responding to remarks made by former president of the country's Supreme Court Bar Association, Ali Ahmad Kurd, during a conference in Lahore, according to Dawn newspaper.
This spat comes as Pakistan has been ranked at 130 out of 139 countries in the World Justice Project's 'Rule of Law Index,' just above Nicaragua and Haiti, and below Nigeria, Ethiopia, and Myanmar.
Ahmad Kurd, during a conference, had heavily criticized the judiciary while speaking on the topic of -- "Role of Judiciary in Protecting Human Rights and Strengthening Democracy."
"One general is dominating a country of 220 million people. This same general has sent the judiciary down to number 126 [in rankings]," he said, possibly referring to WJP's Rule of Law Index 2021, on which Pakistan ranks 126th in the category of fundamental rights.
There was a "clear and observable division" within the judiciary, said Kurd in his speech.
Responding to the former president of the Bar Association, Pakistan CJP Gulzar said he "absolutely did not agree" with the assessment made by the senior lawyer. He refuted the allegation that Pakistani courts are "not free" and that "we are working under someone's pressure or of the institutions."
"I have not taken the pressure of any institution or listened to any institution. No one tells me or guides me on how to write my verdict. I have never made any decision that I did so on someone else's saying, nor has anyone had the courage to say anything to me."
Gulzar stressed no one interfered with his work and that he ruled on his cases according to "my understanding and conscience." "I have never listened, seen, understood or felt anyone's dictation to me," he added.
Notably, Islamabad High Court Chief Justice Athar Minallah admitted certain arguments made by Kurd.
Islamabad HC Chief Justice thanked Kurd, saying that "it is very important for us to know what the bar and what the people think about us."
"Let me assure Mr Ali Ahmad Kurd that no judge who is independent can ever make an excuse that he can be pressured or influenced. Any such excuse ... I'm afraid ... is a violation of the oath," he said.
(Except for the headline, this story has not been edited by NDTV staff and is published from a syndicated feed.)
 
 
source <a href="https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/no-one-dares-interfere-with-my-work-pak-chief-justice-fumes-over-allegations-of-pressure-on-judiciary-2618916">https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/no-one-dares-interfere-with-my-work-pak-chief-justice-fumes-over-allegations-of-pressure-on-judiciary-2618916</a>

news world Pak Chief Justice's "No One Dares" Message Amid Courts "Not Free" Charge

No one tells me on how to write my verdict, said Pak Chief Justice Gulzar Ahmed Islamabad: Refuting allegations that the judiciary is u...

US, China Must Say Categorical No To Cold War Mentality: Chinese Envoy

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Chinese foreign ministry spokesperson said, "The China-US relationship has reached a crucial crossroads."
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Washington:
China and the United States must say a categorical no to the Cold War mentality, and take real actions to blaze a bright path for the world, Chinese Ambassador to the United States Qin Gang has said.
Chinese Ambassador made the remarks on Thursday during a virtual dialogue with board members of the Brookings Institution, Chinese news agency Xinhua reported.
"With the Cold War ended for 30 years, we must say a categorical no to the Cold War mentality, to drawing ideological lines, and to bloc rivalry. We must follow the trend of the times, bear in mind the common aspirations of the people, and work for an open, inclusive, clean, and beautiful world with lasting peace, common security, and shared prosperity," the ambassador said.
China and the US need to increase communication and cooperation, each run their domestic affairs well and, at the same time, shoulder their share of international responsibilities, he said.
This statement comes a few days after China had said that its ties with the US have reached a crucial crossroads after a virtual summit between leaders Xi Jinping and Joe Biden.
During a daily briefing, Chinese foreign ministry spokesperson Lijian Zhao on Tuesday said Beijing hopes Washington will work with China to implement the spirit of the two heads of state's virtual meeting through concrete actions to bring bilateral relations back onto the track of sound and steady development.
"The China-US relationship has reached a crucial crossroads. We hope the US will work with China to implement the spirit of the two heads of state''s virtual meeting through concrete actions to bring bilateral relations back onto the track of sound and steady development," Lijian said.
The highly anticipated meeting between US President Joe Biden and Chinese President Xi Jinping on Tuesday saw the two leaders locking horns on the issue of Taiwan, in a summit that saw a discussion on strategic and overarching importance and topics of mutual interest.
Both leaders held an "in-depth and constructive" meeting for over three hours and exchanged views on bilateral relations on issues of fundamental importance shaping the development of China-US relations.
 
 
source <a href="https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/us-china-must-say-categorical-no-to-cold-war-mentality-chinese-ambassador-2618903">https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/us-china-must-say-categorical-no-to-cold-war-mentality-chinese-ambassador-2618903</a>

news world US, China Must Say Categorical No To Cold War Mentality: Chinese Envoy

Chinese foreign ministry spokesperson said, "The China-US relationship has reached a crucial crossroads." Washington: China a...