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Women’s rights have an uncertain future in Afghanistan

Afghanistan, after the <a href="https://www.vox.com/22626240/taliban-afganistan-baradar">Taliban takeover</a>, is a waiting game. And for Afghan women, the waiting game is agonizing.
The last time the Taliban held power, in the late ’90s and early 2000s, repression was a feature of their rule. This was especially true for women. Girls could not attend school; women could not hold jobs or leave their homes without a male relative accompanying them. Those who defied the Taliban’s directives and their fundamentalist interpretation of Islam were punished, often brutally, <a href="https://theconversation.com/as-the-taliban-returns-20-years-of-progress-for-women-looks-set-to-disappear-overnight-165012">with floggings or beatings</a>.
The US invasion of Afghanistan after the 9/11 attacks put the Taliban’s worldview under scrutiny. The war became about more than terrorism; things like the expansion of women’s rights became embedded within the US mission there. In November 2001, first lady Laura Bush <a href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2001-nov-18-mn-5602-story.html">said</a> the Taliban’s retreat meant “the people of Afghanistan, especially women, are rejoicing.” In 2010, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton <a href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2010/05/14/clinton-to-afghan-women-we-will-not-abandon-you/">told</a> a group of female Afghan ministers: “We will not abandon you, we will stand with you always.”
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<figcaption>Turkish soldiers calm down a woman after she lost her passport while waiting for evacuation at Kabul’s airport on August 18.</figcaption>
<cite>Aykut Karadag/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images</cite></figure>
Twenty years later, the United States is departing, and as it executed those plans, those earlier justifications fell away. President Joe Biden has said, in the military <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2021/07/08/remarks-by-president-biden-on-the-drawdown-of-u-s-forces-in-afghanistan/">drawdown</a>, that the US objective in Afghanistan was to defeat terrorism there. <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/full-transcript-abc-news-george-stephanopoulos-interview-president/story?id=79535643">He said last week</a>, “the idea that we’re able to deal with the rights of women around the world by military force is not rational.”
That sentiment comes 20 years late, after the mess of two decades of conflict and the still-unfolding fallout of the US’s military intervention. All of it leaves Afghan women facing a precarious future, once again, under Taliban rule — and a question of what role, if any, the US has in that future.
The uncertainty facing Afghan women comes after 20 years of US intervention — which itself <a href="https://www.vox.com/world/22634008/us-troops-afghanistan-cold-war-bush-bin-laden">followed decades of foreign intervention by the Soviet Union and others</a> — where women’s rights were packaged <a href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/23524156">as another justification for the war in Afghanistan</a>. The gains were real, if <a href="https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2021/08/how-the-us-abandoned-women-in-afghanistan">uneven and often tenuous</a>, undermined by the insecurity that the decades-long conflict brought.
The struggle for gender equality didn’t start with the US arrival in 2001: Women in Afghanistan <a href="https://origins.osu.edu/article/long-long-struggle-women-s-rights-afghanistan">fought for their rights</a> long before the Taliban arrived in the 1990s, and some Afghan women’s activists <a href="https://www.thenation.com/article/world/white-feminists-wanted-to-invade/">opposed the US intervention</a>.
But women’s rights got inserted into the rallying cry for war regardless of whether Afghan women wanted them, and at times, they <a href="https://go.redirectingat.com/?id=66960X1516588&xs=1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfam.org%2Fen%2Fpress-releases%2Fglobal-celebrities-wear-green-scarves-solidarity-afghan-women&referrer=vox.com&sref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vox.com%2F22630912%2Fwomen-afghanistan-taliban-united-states-war" rel="sponsored nofollow noopener" target="_blank" has-subtag="true" data-cdata='{"rewritten_url":"https://go.redirectingat.com?id=66960X1516588\u0026xs=1\u0026url=https://www.oxfam.org/en/press-releases/global-celebrities-wear-green-scarves-solidarity-afghan-women\u0026referrer=vox.com\u0026sref=https://www.vox.com/22630912/women-afghanistan-taliban-united-states-war\u0026xcust=___vx__p_22394953__m_m-placeholder__s_s-placeholder__t_w__c_c-placeholder__r_r-placeholder__d_d-placeholder","subtag_max_length":50,"subtag_delim_length":3,"subtag_key":"xcust","subtag_data":{"id":"66960X1516588","xs":"1","url":"https://www.oxfam.org/en/press-releases/global-celebrities-wear-green-scarves-solidarity-afghan-women","referrer":"vox.com","sref":"https://www.vox.com/22630912/women-afghanistan-taliban-united-states-war","xcust":"___vx__p_22394953__m_m-placeholder__s_s-placeholder__t_w__c_c-placeholder__r_r-placeholder__d_d-placeholder"},"encode_subtag":false}'>became a cause célèbre</a>. “The fight against terrorism is also a fight for the rights and dignity of women,” Laura Bush <a href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2001-nov-18-mn-5602-story.html">said in November 2001</a>, a few weeks after the US invaded Afghanistan following the 9/11 attacks.
“The central goal of the terrorists is the brutal oppression of women — and not only the women of Afghanistan,” <a href="https://2001-2009.state.gov/p/sca/rls/rm/6816.htm">President George W. Bush</a> said in December 2001, around the signing of legislation for Afghan women and children. “The terrorists who help rule Afghanistan are found in dozens and dozens of countries around the world. And that is the reason this great nation, with our friends and allies, will not rest until we bring them all to justice.”
Saving Afghan women from the Taliban also helped make the case for continued US war, said <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10624-012-9279-5#Fn2">Saadia Toor</a>, a sociology professor at the CUNY College of Staten Island. Even among lawmakers who generally support the withdrawal, hints of that rhetoric continue today.
<div>
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
The President is to be commended for the clarity of purpose of his statement on Afghanistan and his action. The Taliban must know the world is watching its actions. We are concerned about reports regarding the Taliban’s brutal treatment of all Afghans, especially women and girls.
— Nancy Pelosi (@SpeakerPelosi) <a href="https://twitter.com/SpeakerPelosi/status/1426937799446564870?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">August 15, 2021</a></blockquote>
</div>
The US intervention brought attention and it brought development money, much of it well-meaning but not always suited to success. Afghan women did enter public life in a way that was impossible during the Taliban’s rule. “The most drastic shift with respect to women’s rights came formally, legally, constitutionally, and how they manifest within the formal sectors,” said <a href="https://harris.uchicago.edu/directory/maliha-chishti">Maliha Chishti</a>, former director of the United Nations’ Hague Appeal for Peace and professor at the University of Chicago. Women’s rights were enshrined in Afghanistan’s <a href="https://www.brookings.edu/essay/the-fate-of-womens-rights-in-afghanistan/">2004 constitution</a>; <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/the-women-of-afghanistans-parliament/">women held a certain percentage of seats in Parliament</a> and entered sectors like law, government, and media.
International aid — severely limited during the Taliban’s rule — improved some social, <a href="https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2021/8/19/22631070/taliban-afghanistan-public-health-mortality-deaths">economic, and health outcomes for women</a>. Girls and women had access to education, though the instability and Taliban resurgence in recent years has threatened that. In 2020, of 9.5 million students, just shy of 40 percent were girls, <a href="https://www.usaid.gov/afghanistan/education">according to USAID</a>.
Still, when it came to women’s rights, they were most tangible in cities like Kabul, which, Chishti pointed out, were also the centers of international funding and foreign militaries that could protect those efforts. Meanwhile, grassroots efforts led by Afghan women sometimes conflicted with what Toor called “NGO-ized feminism” — think conferences on women’s empowerment and other kinds of Western-values activism that wasn’t sustainable and didn’t necessarily fit with Afghanistan.
Mariam Wardak, an advocate and former senior Afghan government official, pointed out that for traditional, religious, and cultural reasons, in many parts of Afghanistan “there is a resistance for women to speak out, for women to hold a certain structure in our society.”
And as the war ground on, the US commitment to women’s rights sometimes visibly waned. Amie Ferris-Rotman, who reported for Reuters from Afghanistan for two years and founded an organization to mentor and train Afghan women journalists, <a href="https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2021/08/how-the-us-abandoned-women-in-afghanistan">noted for Vanity Fair</a> that “there have long been signs of betrayal” of America’s stated commitment to women’s rights:
<blockquote>
There was the time a senior American official <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/in-afghanistan-us-shifts-strategy-on-womens-rights-as-it-eyes-wider-priorities/2011/03/02/ABkxMAO_story.html">described</a> issues of gender as “pet rocks in our rucksack taking us down.” Then there was the method deployed by the CIA of exchanging <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna28389048">Viagra</a> pills for intel on Taliban whereabouts, so that, in the words of an Afghan journalist friend, “old men can rape their wives with America’s blessing.” Let’s not forget the polemic two years ago by academic Cheryl Benard, wife of the Afghan-born American Taliban negotiator, Zalmay Khalilzad, <a href="https://nationalinterest.org/feature/afghan-women-are-charge-their-own-fate-45777">chastising</a> Afghan women for not fighting for their rights, which they are not owed “by someone else’s army or taxpayer dollars.” And when Joe Biden was asked last year by <a href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/full-transcript-of-face-the-nation-on-february-23-2020/">CBS</a> if he bears “some responsibility” should Afghan women lose their rights under a Taliban takeover, the U.S. president responded to the reporter, Margaret Brennan, with “No, I don’t!”
</blockquote>
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<figcaption>Women work at a cake factory in an industrial park in Herat province, Afghanistan, on June 1.</figcaption>
<cite>Arif Karimi/Xinhua via Getty Images</cite></figure>
<figure class="e-image"><picture class="c-picture" data-cid="site/picture_element-1629840365_5527_7426" data-cdata='{"asset_id":22795773,"ratio":"*"}'><source srcset="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/gi1Uxo1-6J-vCg4ttc0L6LEfapg=/0x0:3000x1951/320x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x1951):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795773/GettyImages_1232002648.jpg 320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/A0NC73BgM9aipDaZxwi9mWYFeE0=/0x0:3000x1951/520x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x1951):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795773/GettyImages_1232002648.jpg 520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/oRa9G4QPWDamoXclk5C1L4OY0sg=/0x0:3000x1951/720x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x1951):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795773/GettyImages_1232002648.jpg 720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/TOmGq69X58uzBVXma-6IDqrUXkw=/0x0:3000x1951/920x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x1951):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795773/GettyImages_1232002648.jpg 920w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/CQfvK6H7UJva5uZ3E9baRDh34ks=/0x0:3000x1951/1120x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x1951):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795773/GettyImages_1232002648.jpg 1120w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/WtoPszBsqn8B_SYAeTyRfCPbF8A=/0x0:3000x1951/1320x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x1951):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795773/GettyImages_1232002648.jpg 1320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/5Efpx8JsXHF1_OBXMul_sZyEtmI=/0x0:3000x1951/1520x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x1951):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795773/GettyImages_1232002648.jpg 1520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/eD4uoMh5lRFnIYi-VTpyN4hbu5A=/0x0:3000x1951/1720x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x1951):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795773/GettyImages_1232002648.jpg 1720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/LE4kOk_momPePsP6OPtW-bRW7PI=/0x0:3000x1951/1920x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x1951):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795773/GettyImages_1232002648.jpg 1920w" sizes="(min-width: 1221px) 846px, (min-width: 880px) calc(100vw - 334px), 100vw" type="image/webp" /> <img alt="" data-upload-width="3000" sizes="(min-width: 1221px) 846px, (min-width: 880px) calc(100vw - 334px), 100vw" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/juaSMF9-8z6hn_lwgCcO-oT1eDA=/0x0:3000x1951/1200x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x1951):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795773/GettyImages_1232002648.jpg" srcset="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/Ofnb__PxMVPoqwz1yUgmxAUV-wo=/0x0:3000x1951/320x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x1951):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795773/GettyImages_1232002648.jpg 320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/Ge4oxI6dVcQJ4iFEV2QukuCb1EQ=/0x0:3000x1951/520x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x1951):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795773/GettyImages_1232002648.jpg 520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/2CiS-vsTkAu9GtgXNIcyitaKf5w=/0x0:3000x1951/720x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x1951):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795773/GettyImages_1232002648.jpg 720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/__lD3MG8xfo2Rf_N4rXMSzR4Ccs=/0x0:3000x1951/920x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x1951):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795773/GettyImages_1232002648.jpg 920w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/twdhFNnPhpsHC3-X-3SbGKIVFp8=/0x0:3000x1951/1120x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x1951):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795773/GettyImages_1232002648.jpg 1120w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/CvRJ0V9UjGhWVC8WC06FnXbvE5Q=/0x0:3000x1951/1320x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x1951):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795773/GettyImages_1232002648.jpg 1320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/TpRIFkVLBTcZ-jGuxzQrb4-o4Ds=/0x0:3000x1951/1520x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x1951):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795773/GettyImages_1232002648.jpg 1520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/P0NFIG-iIQMQUhy7874HIcHMXzo=/0x0:3000x1951/1720x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x1951):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795773/GettyImages_1232002648.jpg 1720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/eVTV-BSUGaM0bK1fGB5cAenulrE=/0x0:3000x1951/1920x0/filters:focal(0x0:3000x1951):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795773/GettyImages_1232002648.jpg 1920w" /></picture>
<figcaption>Women, youths, activists, and elders gather at a rally to support peace talks and the republic government in Kabul on March 29.</figcaption>
<cite>Anadolu Agency via Getty Images</cite></figure>
Ultimately, one of the biggest challenges to women’s rights in Afghanistan was years of war. It’s hard to get girls to go to school when they’re <a href="https://watson.brown.edu/costsofwar/costs/human/civilians/afghan">displaced by airstrikes</a> <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/08/world/asia/bombing-school-afghanistan.html">or their schools are getting blown up</a>. The Taliban’s advance across the country in the past years meant women in positions of authority were often under threat of <a href="https://gandhara.rferl.org/a/taliban-accused-of-kidnapping-murdering-afghan-policewoman/30775560.html">kidnapping</a> and violence.
Yet the full return of the Taliban deepens that threat, and threatens to stall or unravel the progress Afghan women have made. Zubaida Akbar, a 31-year-old Afghan activist who’s been in the United States for three years, said the lives of Afghan women have improved, even if that improvement has been slow.
Zahra Nader, a journalist and PhD student from Afghanistan who’s based in Canada, said the US talked about “saving Afghan women from misogynist forces, this gender apartheid.”
“That did not happen,” she said. “That did not happen at all.”
Yes, she said, she went to school, she went to university in Kabul — an opportunity she recognizes that many other Afghan women did not have. But she and other Afghans were working to determine what came next for their country.
“We were hoping that we’re going to build a society, we’re going to build a better future for Afghanistan, and we will be the ones that decide the future of the country,” she said. But she argued that US intervention, whatever the justifications, was always about US interests, and those are what prevailed: “What was going on in Afghanistan wasn’t really our choice.”
And now the women in Afghanistan are left to deal with the consequences of that, collateral in a war outside their control. “The international community has failed us,” Akbar said, “and they have made it clear that our lives don’t matter.”
The Taliban have <a href="https://www.vox.com/22626240/taliban-afganistan-baradar">sought to rebrand themselves</a> as a bit more moderate, especially with the world watching. The Taliban spokesperson has assured the public that women would be allowed to go to work and school, <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20210817-taliban-say-afghan-women-will-be-allowed-to-work-and-study-according-to-islamic-law">“according to Islamic law.”</a> Part of the waiting game is seeing in practice what “according to Islamic law” really means.
This week, the Taliban spokesperson has made assurances that <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/17/world/asia/taliban-news-conference-kabul.html">“there will be no violence against women.”</a> Few believe him.
“We see them as how we know them,” Akbar, the Afghan activist, said. “The Taliban are who they are.”
There are already signs the Taliban are who they always were. One TV news anchor in Afghanistan said she was <a href="https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/they-said-you-are-a-woman-go-home-afghan-journalist-talks-about-life-after-taliban-takeover-1842868-2021-08-19">turned away from work</a>. “You are not allowed, go home,” she said she was told.
<div>
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
Shabnam Dawran, Afghanistan’s National Radio Television news presenter: “I went to <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/RTA?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#RTA</a> but they told me that the regime has changed. you are not allowed, go home". <a href="https://t.co/xJ4XcpamRo">pic.twitter.com/xJ4XcpamRo</a>
— Muslim Shirzad (@MuslimShirzad) <a href="https://twitter.com/MuslimShirzad/status/1427982504443645963?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">August 18, 2021</a></blockquote>
</div>
As they began retaking territory, <a href="https://www.france24.com/en/asia-pacific/20210814-afghan-women-girls-fear-return-to-dark-days-as-taliban-poised-to-take-kabul">the Taliban reportedly sent home female students and professors in Herat</a>. A female university student in Kabul <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/aug/15/an-afghan-woman-in-kabul-now-i-have-to-burn-everything-i-achieved">told the Guardian</a> that she would have “to burn everything I achieved in 24 years of my life. Having any ID card or awards from the American University is risky now.” There are reports of the Taliban going door to door <a href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/afghans-tell-of-executions-forced-marriages-in-taliban-held-areas-11628780820">looking for any unmarried woman</a> between the ages of 14 and 45 to marry off to Taliban soldiers. A few women I reached out to in Afghanistan declined to speak because they said, almost uniformly, that they are afraid.
“Women are not even leaving their homes because they don’t feel safe,” Lida Azim, an organizer with <a href="https://twitter.com/afghanstomorrow?lang=en">Afghans for a Better Tomorrow</a>, said. “They might be allowed to go to work in school, but it’s a huge intimidation tactic.”
Akbar’s volunteer organization works with children who have lost their parents, often from conflict, and with mothers, including some who’ve escaped domestic violence. Her group connects people with support services like counseling, medical checkups, food. The goal, Akbar said, was to create social reform through volunteerism. As the Taliban rushed through Afghanistan, the work stopped. “Because of the type of work that we were doing, our volunteers do not feel safe continuing to work in Afghanistan, unfortunately, and their lives are at risk,” she said.
<figure class="e-image"><picture class="c-picture" data-cid="site/picture_element-1629840365_9235_7427" data-cdata='{"asset_id":22795776,"ratio":"*"}'><source srcset="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/CSkArtPTxxbaD7_-pdxf59VAaxY=/0x0:1280x622/320x0/filters:focal(0x0:1280x622):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795776/GettyImages_1234731505.jpg 320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/wakNNld50bHwWhRk4cvfQH_FSao=/0x0:1280x622/520x0/filters:focal(0x0:1280x622):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795776/GettyImages_1234731505.jpg 520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/O_8h9DcNaJXEIVHmM__6CFUaQQ4=/0x0:1280x622/720x0/filters:focal(0x0:1280x622):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795776/GettyImages_1234731505.jpg 720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/_RlXuxyin4MXnTPR9JW72HhYASE=/0x0:1280x622/920x0/filters:focal(0x0:1280x622):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795776/GettyImages_1234731505.jpg 920w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/fEPWRaPbzZ_nTZG_i4SKj2_I0Wo=/0x0:1280x622/1120x0/filters:focal(0x0:1280x622):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795776/GettyImages_1234731505.jpg 1120w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/N2b1jLCg2GONy4OjnfmjvaOIj3U=/0x0:1280x622/1320x0/filters:focal(0x0:1280x622):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795776/GettyImages_1234731505.jpg 1320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/o8TSXUpHirXH0NGD9HupbB5VhNE=/0x0:1280x622/1520x0/filters:focal(0x0:1280x622):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795776/GettyImages_1234731505.jpg 1520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/ZvjvI6TwTsLvhKtOq4YFWTpczgA=/0x0:1280x622/1720x0/filters:focal(0x0:1280x622):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795776/GettyImages_1234731505.jpg 1720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/5RUO1X5DjfRHr3qlrpFW4JcrPZc=/0x0:1280x622/1920x0/filters:focal(0x0:1280x622):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795776/GettyImages_1234731505.jpg 1920w" sizes="(min-width: 1221px) 846px, (min-width: 880px) calc(100vw - 334px), 100vw" type="image/webp" /> <img alt="" data-upload-width="1280" sizes="(min-width: 1221px) 846px, (min-width: 880px) calc(100vw - 334px), 100vw" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/zDiQnTEac0jlp4_KBZHlgQ2GIzE=/0x0:1280x622/1200x0/filters:focal(0x0:1280x622):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795776/GettyImages_1234731505.jpg" srcset="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/5E9Iw2W4D-pLY7QQmx8RtpzLaHw=/0x0:1280x622/320x0/filters:focal(0x0:1280x622):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795776/GettyImages_1234731505.jpg 320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/5soPw1XqsekmeJwDYOLu1pjpQPc=/0x0:1280x622/520x0/filters:focal(0x0:1280x622):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795776/GettyImages_1234731505.jpg 520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/jNsqISD3hJf6zXHa94T7HSLEtBY=/0x0:1280x622/720x0/filters:focal(0x0:1280x622):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795776/GettyImages_1234731505.jpg 720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/qqtrUOA3d1KmTd94uQQ9G9OYmAM=/0x0:1280x622/920x0/filters:focal(0x0:1280x622):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795776/GettyImages_1234731505.jpg 920w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/chN-ALVMF5CXQRpZcqeeJtqzSAY=/0x0:1280x622/1120x0/filters:focal(0x0:1280x622):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795776/GettyImages_1234731505.jpg 1120w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/eK5aPKTQMCx2O1ko4bJMPzTfwlg=/0x0:1280x622/1320x0/filters:focal(0x0:1280x622):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795776/GettyImages_1234731505.jpg 1320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/MgNk6CKCSjtCWWoIDBCepXUvbvo=/0x0:1280x622/1520x0/filters:focal(0x0:1280x622):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795776/GettyImages_1234731505.jpg 1520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/PmVZGmWdqFcMgduJ6kwQfgHlLt8=/0x0:1280x622/1720x0/filters:focal(0x0:1280x622):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795776/GettyImages_1234731505.jpg 1720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/fkX0LgcODnxKclVcyOZi8QCYf5I=/0x0:1280x622/1920x0/filters:focal(0x0:1280x622):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795776/GettyImages_1234731505.jpg 1920w" /></picture>
<figcaption>Women demand the protection of Afghan women’s rights in front of the Presidential Palace in Kabul on August 17.</figcaption>
<cite>Sayed Khodaiberdi Sadat/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images</cite></figure>
Others who work with nonprofit organizations or networks in Afghanistan also do not know what will happen to their female staff and volunteers. They fear that if the humanitarian situation worsens in Afghanistan — <a href="https://www.stripes.com/theaters/middle_east/2021-08-17/kabul-money-concerns-banks-government-offices-closed-taliban-going-into-neighborhoods-2581356.html">banks are closed</a>, services are scarce, thousands of people were displaced by the Taliban offensive, <a href="https://www.bradenton.com/news/business/article253566594.html">the threat of hunger</a> looms — those services will be desperately needed. Some said they are still unsure whether or how their ability to deliver aid might be affected and what that means for the families who rely on it.
But defiance accompanies this fear and uncertainty. Afghans, <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/aug/19/several-reported-killed-taliban-shoot-crowds-waving-afghan-flag">despite the threat of violence</a>, have protested the Taliban takeover. Women are among them, leading them.
<div>
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet">
Protest against Taliban in Kabul led by women.
Yesterday Taliban opened fire at protesters and killed at least three people but today people took to the streets again to protest against Taliban. <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/Afghanistan?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#Afghanistan</a> <a href="https://t.co/qROeJKn4sL">pic.twitter.com/qROeJKn4sL</a>
— Masih Alinejad ️ (@AlinejadMasih) <a href="https://twitter.com/AlinejadMasih/status/1428341967675695104?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">August 19, 2021</a></blockquote>
</div>
Even women who are intimidated are trying to go to work. Wardak, who also founded <a href="https://www.herafghanistan.com/">HerAfghanistan</a>, a network of women in Afghanistan, mentioned one girl in her network who went to her job last week in Kabul. “She went — terrified. But she went,” Wardak said.
Nader said that even if women couldn’t go to their jobs, they are leaving their homes, just to go outside. They go with a sense of fear, not knowing what is going to happen or what the reaction of one particular Taliban soldier might be, she said. “But they do go out.”
“Just to tell [them] that we are here, we are not gone,” Nader said.
Some Afghan activists told me they see this as an opportunity for women to push back, especially as the world is watching. “Right now, because Taliban wants international recognition, we have to push boundaries to see how far we can go,” Wardak said.
The Taliban will need <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/21/business/afghanistan-economy.html">foreign money if they want to stay afloat</a>. This could be a place of leverage, <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/un-aid-groups-appeal-afghanistan-funding-vow-stay-2021-08-19/">as international legitimacy</a> will depend on whether the Taliban meets its commitments on human and women’s rights. At the same time, activists worry that sanctions or other policies to put pressure on the government will trickle down and increase the suffering of the Afghan people.
Activists said they still want the Taliban held accountable, but the US and coalition allies have ceded some of their leverage as they depart. Military intervention did not bring lasting peace or democracy or rights. But that does not mean the United States or the rest of the world can wash its hands of it all.
Akbar spent last week fielding calls, filling out visa forms, writing letters. After one day of this, when she looked at the spreadsheet she uses to record her efforts, she counted more than 100 people, all desperate to leave Afghanistan.
Many of the people she is trying to help are women, though not all. The return of the Taliban has put many lives at risk, including those who worked <a href="https://www.npr.org/2021/08/16/1028016074/an-afghan-interpreter-for-the-u-s-army-is-trying-to-get-out-of-afghanistan">with the US military or coalition forces</a> or international organizations or the Afghan government. Ethnic and religious minorities <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/fears-abroad-fate-hazara-minority-taliban-take-control-2021-08-17/">also face real threats</a>. Women, of course, cut across all those categories or are associated with those who do. There are also the women who became leaders in the past two decades — activists, advocates, and political leaders, who fear they may become direct Taliban targets. They can’t, activists say, stay in Afghanistan and be safe.
Which is why many activists say that what many women need most in Afghanistan is a way to exit, as soon as possible. “The lives of these women are at risk,” Akbar said. “They will get killed if they stay in Afghanistan.”
<figure class="e-image"><picture class="c-picture" data-cid="site/picture_element-1629840365_7562_7428" data-cdata='{"asset_id":22795777,"ratio":"*"}'><source srcset="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/97GE0lbkDNhkc3Ty-MOB3cw9LI8=/0x0:2998x2000/320x0/filters:focal(0x0:2998x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795777/GettyImages_1234187503.jpg 320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/6bAOtnHMC1yyDkmW4jCgdjHx5QY=/0x0:2998x2000/520x0/filters:focal(0x0:2998x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795777/GettyImages_1234187503.jpg 520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/XCQ6NUxPXiWSYDT4_T-bQeVobSY=/0x0:2998x2000/720x0/filters:focal(0x0:2998x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795777/GettyImages_1234187503.jpg 720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/WAxGXARctemhmwermb3RUQb17yM=/0x0:2998x2000/920x0/filters:focal(0x0:2998x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795777/GettyImages_1234187503.jpg 920w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/mAHXmoHmJmi5PWDr-LcJVxo1GxU=/0x0:2998x2000/1120x0/filters:focal(0x0:2998x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795777/GettyImages_1234187503.jpg 1120w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/gG7tDYMZsewpJb6qKYGNGs3ThmA=/0x0:2998x2000/1320x0/filters:focal(0x0:2998x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795777/GettyImages_1234187503.jpg 1320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/XWPOQLRf9hStvSLTWjpBAcANgqw=/0x0:2998x2000/1520x0/filters:focal(0x0:2998x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795777/GettyImages_1234187503.jpg 1520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/HXS1GcXz2pktu6RjM0L5FLO4ksY=/0x0:2998x2000/1720x0/filters:focal(0x0:2998x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795777/GettyImages_1234187503.jpg 1720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/T1yP2YExzd_2lSYNl67PghnL4_U=/0x0:2998x2000/1920x0/filters:focal(0x0:2998x2000):format(webp):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795777/GettyImages_1234187503.jpg 1920w" sizes="(min-width: 1221px) 846px, (min-width: 880px) calc(100vw - 334px), 100vw" type="image/webp" /> <img alt="" data-upload-width="2998" sizes="(min-width: 1221px) 846px, (min-width: 880px) calc(100vw - 334px), 100vw" src="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/U6qUvMHL4gUIz-ZKSymcnusWkK4=/0x0:2998x2000/1200x0/filters:focal(0x0:2998x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795777/GettyImages_1234187503.jpg" srcset="https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/oUr87SP8j7eb2BNNg1txu-F6x-U=/0x0:2998x2000/320x0/filters:focal(0x0:2998x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795777/GettyImages_1234187503.jpg 320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/HNjA518fwaIIWcxtta_L0Kh2kIc=/0x0:2998x2000/520x0/filters:focal(0x0:2998x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795777/GettyImages_1234187503.jpg 520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/pQ3fCV8jUpWt12qtYvaWEXPYi6s=/0x0:2998x2000/720x0/filters:focal(0x0:2998x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795777/GettyImages_1234187503.jpg 720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/URtmgOZaRADWL-aje08l6gRl6SQ=/0x0:2998x2000/920x0/filters:focal(0x0:2998x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795777/GettyImages_1234187503.jpg 920w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/QPa79HZ8HtXSKoKApaSvzvISxDA=/0x0:2998x2000/1120x0/filters:focal(0x0:2998x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795777/GettyImages_1234187503.jpg 1120w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/UJ6rjXqq2D6PSKStt-RnuT2jsWU=/0x0:2998x2000/1320x0/filters:focal(0x0:2998x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795777/GettyImages_1234187503.jpg 1320w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/GDl1Douu7Nk5gIxkQiRRY5LGxJU=/0x0:2998x2000/1520x0/filters:focal(0x0:2998x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795777/GettyImages_1234187503.jpg 1520w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/JKbmmh0iX32JD6BH_2bJWNq_s_E=/0x0:2998x2000/1720x0/filters:focal(0x0:2998x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795777/GettyImages_1234187503.jpg 1720w, https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/C_LsPtlUTT5rsonOrlAAzN44nqs=/0x0:2998x2000/1920x0/filters:focal(0x0:2998x2000):no_upscale()/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/22795777/GettyImages_1234187503.jpg 1920w" /></picture>
<figcaption>Students walk out after classes at the Zarghoona high school in Kabul on July 25. There is widespread fear that the Taliban will bar girls and women from work and access to education.</figcaption>
<cite>Paula Bronstein/Getty Images</cite></figure>
Since August 14, the US says it has evacuated <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/us-military-evacuated-more-than-10000-people-kabul-sunday-2021-08-23/">more than 37,000 people</a>; the pace has increased in recent days, with about 11,000 or so leaving each day, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/live/2021/08/23/world/taliban-afghanistan-biden-news">reports the New York Times</a>. Still, in the past week, the chaotic scenes outside the Kabul airport, and <a href="https://twitter.com/Tmgneff/status/1429776109474832385?s=20">report</a> after <a href="https://twitter.com/clarissaward/status/1428916213258899461?s=20">report</a> of the difficulty of getting through, have revealed how desperate people are. The United States is now deploying troops to get Americans and <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/live/2021/08/23/world/taliban-afghanistan-biden-news">their allies who are unable to make it to the airport</a>.
Many Afghans who helped the US military or government may be eligible for <a href="https://twitter.com/KrishVignarajah/status/1426933296068505600?s=20">Special Immigrant Visas (SIVs)</a>, but as the New York Times <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/18/us/politics/afghanistan-women-protection.html">reports</a>, many of those jobs, like interpreters, were filled by men.
Which is why many activists fear that women may be left out of some of these programs, especially the activists, journalists, and political leaders who are directly at risk now that the US is leaving. Advocacy groups are calling on the Biden administration <a href="https://www.womensrefugeecommission.org/press-releases/womens-refugee-commission-urges-biden-administration-to-immediately-evacuate-afghan-womens-rights-activists-families-trapped-in-country/">to prioritize and expedite</a> the evacuation of women’s rights activists, journalists, lawmakers, and other public figures, as have some <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/18/us/politics/afghanistan-women-protection.html">members of Congress</a>.
“As a global community, not just United States, we need to talk about how do we let them in, how do we open our doors?” Homayra Yusufi, with the Afghan-American Council and the Partnership for the Advancement of New Americans, said.
As many pointed out, the US and its coalition allies have a moral obligation. There is an emergency right now, and whatever happens in the future can’t be completely separated from the decades of conflict and intervention. As Azim, of Afghans for a Better Tomorrow, said, for the US and Western allies, the responsibility is “on their hands.”
Of course, not everyone can — or wants — to flee Afghanistan. Activists say there’s still a role for the international community in helping people who remain in the country: international aid, specifically, to help the coming humanitarian crisis and try to shore up grassroots groups that do provide health and other support services.
International support may depend on what the Taliban might do around women’s rights in Afghanistan. But right now, there is an immediate emergency — to evacuate women who are being targeted by the Taliban or fear they might be very soon. Those in Afghanistan, desperate to leave, likely believe they have no other choice.
“I am getting calls back to back,” Yusufi said, “as are all of the organizations that work on refugee issues — or just getting bombarded from calls from family members, calls coming in from Afghanistan, being like, ‘I need help, I need to get out right now.’”
 
 
source <a href="https://www.vox.com/22630912/women-afghanistan-taliban-united-states-war">https://www.vox.com/22630912/women-afghanistan-taliban-united-states-war</a>

vox Women’s rights have an uncertain future in Afghanistan

Afghanistan, after the Taliban takeover , is a waiting game. And for Afghan women, the waiting game is agonizing. The last time the Taliban...

Are you ready for the return of prep?

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From seventh grade to sophomore year in high school, my outfit on the first day of school was almost always the same: a denim miniskirt that barely abided by the “must reach the end of your fingertips” rule, ballet flats, a string of pearls, and an Abercrombie polo. It was the mid-2000s, and this was what I understood to be the pinnacle of cool.
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I think of this genre of outfit often, not because it looked particularly good but because arguably the biggest fashion trend of the moment is Y2K, or a modern take on the bright, busy, bubblegum styles of the early 2000s, which themselves were inflected with ’70s psychedelia and overt sexiness. This style is sometimes affectionately <a href="https://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/50077/1/bella-mcfadden-igirl-bundle-depop-cyber-stylist-y2k-goth-baddie-thrift-instagram">referred to as “trashion.”</a> It stands in opposition to the aesthetic that I’d argue played a more defining role during the actual 2000s, at least for other middle-class white girls in New England: prep.
No one really uses that word much anymore, but over the past several years, I’ve started to see its descendants creep up on TikTok, Pinterest, and Instagram. Lithe white people in khaki pants and oxford shirts <a href="https://www.pinterest.com/pin/370139663126805210/">lounging on a sailboat</a>; <a href="https://www.pinterest.com/pin/563018693831184/">tweed blazers</a> inside an <a href="https://www.pinterest.com/pin/3237030973341395/">Ivy League library</a>; <a href="https://www.pinterest.com/pin/19421842134399588/">tennis skirts and croquet</a> in front of someone’s summer home; Blair Waldorf and <a href="https://www.pinterest.com/pin/168885054766474012/">The Talented Mr. Ripley</a>. It goes by different monikers online, sometimes categorized as <a href="https://www.vox.com/the-goods/2020/7/7/21315213/cottagecore-tiktok-dark-academia">dark academia</a> (or light academia if it’s a picture of a sunny setting), the WASP look, or the socialite lifestyle, but the descriptor I’m seeing most often is “old money aesthetic.”
It’s sort of a hilariously on-the-nose name; “old money” gets right to the point of what all fashion trends ultimately are, which are displays of conspicuous consumption.Yet it seems to be arriving right on time, as a counterweight and companion to the <a href="https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2021-01-24/the-gen-z-brand-aesthetic-is-both-disruptive-and-adorkable">loud, whimsical design</a> associated with Gen Z and the name brand-heavy <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@itsoldmoney/video/6988180330364538117?">“California rich”</a> look the Kardashians made inescapable.
While <a href="https://www.gq.com/story/the-great-preppy-comeback-2018">GQ predicted the preppy</a> comeback in 2018, it was referring to menswear brands incorporating prep with streetwear in a semi-ironic nod. That’s not what #oldmoneyaesthetic images and videos are lusting over: <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@wizzlymynizzle/video/6926623316837027078">They want</a> the <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@kenziehillxoxo3/video/6999027545920261382?lang=en&is_copy_url=1&is_from_webapp=v1">unapologetically pretentious</a> Ivy League-slash-Oxbridge <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@kendallgss/video/6979634594899365125?lang=en&is_copy_url=1&is_from_webapp=v1">fourth-cousin-of-a-Kennedy</a> <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@chanelloverxoxo/video/6996430004259130630">country club</a> vibe. They want to name their children things like <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@opulene/video/6961498629177609478?">“Prosper”</a> and <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@opulene/video/6961601395409587461?lang=en&is_copy_url=1&is_from_webapp=v1">“Montgomery,”</a> according to the many old money baby name TikToks that exist. “WHY BE LA RICH WHEN YOU CAN BE THIS RICH?” reads a comment under <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@samalicious1/video/6904658341927161094?lang=en&is_copy_url=1&is_from_webapp=v1">one such video</a> (although the fact that many of them are soundtracked to Lana Del Rey adds an extra layer of absurdity).
What’s different this time around, as opposed to the years in which I kept several Abercrombie shopping bags thumbtacked to the inside of my closet as some sort of deranged shrine, is that there are people who are providing context about the less Pinterest-friendly history of prep and entrenched wealth on the very same platforms where it’s spreading. It’s not that no one noticed how racist and classist the Abercrombie aesthetic (remember its <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2015/06/02/the-rise-and-fall-of-abercrombies-look-policy/">awful “look policy”</a>?) was at the time, but the critique just wasn’t necessarily reaching its target audiences of teenagers who were obsessed with the brand. Social media has helped change that: On TikTok, for example, the popular history and film account <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@deadhollywood/video/6984978995729222917?">@deadhollywood made a recent video</a> about how actually the trappings of the leisure class are “the peak of white supremacist fashion, not rednecks and camo.”
“This style is the absence of flesh, the absence of Blackness, the absence of extravagance. And that’s why it’s so goddamn boring,” she explains. “It particularly relies on white women’s thinness and gentility and elegance in contrast with the fleshy, maternal, nonsexual but overly sexual body of the Black woman.” The same sorts of discussions are happening in regard to, say, <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@interstellar_isabellar/video/6953791197915761925?lang=en&is_copy_url=1&is_from_webapp=v1">minimalism’s slightly fascist influences</a> and Coco Chanel’s <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@k4554ndr4/video/6946607055620934918?lang=en&is_copy_url=1&is_from_webapp=v1">relationship with the Nazis</a>. While the greatest indictment of 2000s prep came from places like Curtis Sittenfeld’s novel of the same name, in which the protagonist comes to realize the emptiness of East Coast boarding school hierarchies, this time the backlash is much more direct.
Prep has always been inherently conservative, though plenty of young, progressive people of color and queer folks are embracing its 2021 iteration online. Ana Quiring argued in <a href="http://avidly.lareviewofbooks.org/2021/03/31/whats-dark-about-dark-academia/">the LA Review of Books</a> earlier this year that an aesthetic like dark academia “de-exceptionalizes elite scholastic environments as much as it romanticizes them,” arguing against the cynical view that the visual subculture glamorizes photos of books and libraries rather than the actual books themselves, or that yearning for the old money lifestyle only serves to revere the upper classes.
More than that, though, the old money aesthetic seems to me like a pendulum swing against the omnipresent displays of wealth in society today, much like the way prep was both a backlash to and an incorporation of “trashion” in the 2000s. Billionaires and influencers, both emblematic of “new money,” are setting the standards and expectations for what counts as a worthy lifestyle, while old institutions like royalty and high society are buckling under the weight of social and economic change (see also: society New Yorkers <a href="https://pagesix.com/2021/08/14/2021-met-gala-is-losing-prestige-due-to-influencer-guest-list/">complaining that the Met Gala</a> has too many influencers and wealthy Hamptons residents <a href="https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2021/07/hamptons-new-headache-even-richer-people">resenting their even wealthier new neighbors</a>). The new upper classes don’t seem to care about good taste or <a href="https://reallifemag.com/worn-out/">even clothing itself</a>. Note to the tech bros: If you want to secure your place in cultural history, maybe start dressing better.
This column first published in The Goods newsletter. <a href="https://www.vox.com/pages/newsletters">Sign up here</a> so you don’t miss the next one, plus get newsletter exclusives.
 
 
source <a href="https://www.vox.com/the-goods/22638568/old-money-aesthetic-dark-academia-prep-tiktok-pinterest-instagram">https://www.vox.com/the-goods/22638568/old-money-aesthetic-dark-academia-prep-tiktok-pinterest-instagram</a>

vox Are you ready for the return of prep?

From seventh grade to sophomore year in high school, my outfit on the first day of school was almost always the same: a denim miniskirt tha...

A new Supreme Court case could blow up decades of US diplomacy

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Texas v. Biden, a case with profound implications for American foreign policy, reached the Supreme Court with lightning speed.
On August 13, a judge in Texas appointed by then-President Donald Trump effectively ordered the Biden administration to <a href="https://www.vox.com/2021/8/17/22627107/trump-judge-remain-in-mexico-matthew-kacsmaryk-immigration-asylum-joe-biden-donald-trump">permanently reinstate Trump’s “Remain in Mexico” policy</a>. That policy, which is officially known as the Migrant Protection Protocols (MPP), requires many immigrants who seek asylum in the United States to stay in Mexico while they await a hearing.
Judge Matthew Kacsmaryk’s opinion in Texas was wrong for many reasons, including that he <a href="https://www.vox.com/2021/8/17/22627107/trump-judge-remain-in-mexico-matthew-kacsmaryk-immigration-asylum-joe-biden-donald-trump">completely misread federal immigration law</a>. Kacsmaryk wrote that a 1996 federal law only gives “the government two options vis-à-vis aliens seeking asylum: (1) mandatory detention; or (2) return to a contiguous territory.” Federal immigration law actually gives immigration officials several options, including granting “<a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/8/1182">parole into the United States</a>” to individual immigrants or releasing the immigrant on “<a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/8/1226">bond of at least $1,500</a>.”
On Thursday, a panel of three right-wing appellate judges, two of whom were appointed by Trump, <a href="https://www.ca5.uscourts.gov/opinions/pub/21/21-10806-CV0.pdf">refused the Justice Department’s request</a> to stay Kacsmaryk’s order and prevent it from taking effect. Kacsmaryk intended for his order to take effect on Friday, giving the Biden administration just one week to reinstate a complex policy that requires careful negotiations with foreign governments.
Late on Friday, Justice Samuel Alito extended that period until 11:59 pm ET on Tuesday, “<a href="https://www.scotusblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/21A21-temporary-stay.pdf">so that the full Court can consider</a>” the DOJ’s request to suspend Kacsmaryk’s decision.
The most obvious stakes in this case are whether thousands of migrants will be forced to live in harrowing conditions — without “<a href="https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/21_0601_termination_of_mpp_program.pdf">stable access to housing, income, and safety</a>,” according to Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas — because of an egregious misreading of federal law. But the potential consequences of a Supreme Court decision allowing Kacsmaryk’s order to take effect stretch far beyond these immediate humanitarian concerns.
Remain in Mexico was implemented in early 2019, and <a href="https://www.scotusblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/21A21.pdf">effectively suspended in March 2020</a>, because the government imposed stricter, temporary border restrictions in order to reduce the spread of Covid-19. Thus, Kacsmaryk’s opinion rests on the improbable claim that a federal law enacted in 1996 requires the government to implement a policy that was only in effect for 14 months, and that wasn’t implemented until nearly a quarter-century after the 1996 law took effect.
As the Justice Department explains in its brief asking the Court to stay Kacsmaryk’s decision, “implementing MPP required extensive coordination with and assistance from Mexico, which took a variety of steps to assist the United States and the migrants who were returned.” Reimplementing it would also require such coordination with Mexican officials, who may not be inclined to be charitable if US negotiators abruptly break their own promise to end the Remain in Mexico policy.
Historically, and over the course of many decisions handed down for many decades, the Supreme Court has warned against “the danger of <a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=15509503170515180438&hl=en&as_sdt=6&as_vis=1&oi=scholarr">unwarranted judicial interference in the conduct of foreign policy</a>.” Foreign relations involve sensitive negotiations, where US diplomats need to know that their country will keep their promises. If a judge can order the United States to make significant changes to its foreign policy, especially when the judge’s order is rooted in a preposterous reading of federal law, that will disrupt our relations with foreign governments and diminish our credibility abroad.
The question in Texas, in other words, is whether the Supreme Court will abandon the judiciary’s longtime posture of deference to the elected branches on matters of foreign relations — or whether it will give an increasingly right-wing judiciary a permission slip to interfere with America’s negotiations with foreign partners and rivals.
The Supreme Court hasn’t just spent generations warning judges not to get involved with foreign relations; it’s explicitly stated that US immigration policy is an integral part of our foreign policy. Although the Supreme Court was often criticized during the Trump administration, <a href="https://www.vox.com/2019/9/12/20862320/sotomayor-supreme-court-favors-trump">including by some of the Court’s own members</a>, for showing excessive deference to Trump’s immigration policies, the principle that courts should be reluctant to interfere with foreign relations generally — and with immigration policy in particular — long predates Trump.
“One of the most important and delicate of all international relationships, recognized immemorially as a responsibility of government,” the Court explained in <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/312/52">Hines v. Davidowitz</a> (1941), “has to do with the protection of the just rights of a country’s own nationals when those nationals are in another country.” Hines warned that “international controversies of the gravest moment, sometimes even leading to war, may arise from real or imagined wrongs to another’s subjects inflicted, or permitted, by a government.”
Hines involved a Pennsylvania law that required most foreign nationals in that state to register with Pennsylvania officials and to carry an “alien identification card” that police could demand to see. In striking down this law, the Court explained that if a single state could impose such treatment on foreign nationals, that state could damage America’s national interests abroad. Questions of national importance should be decided by the national government, not by one rogue state.
The Court reaffirmed these principles in <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/11-182#writing-11-182_OPINION_3">Arizona v. United States</a> (2012), which struck down much of an Arizona law targeting undocumented immigrants. “Immigration policy can affect trade, investment, tourism, and diplomatic relations for the entire Nation,” Justice Anthony Kennedy explained in his majority opinion. He also warned that “perceived mistreatment of aliens in the United States may lead to harmful reciprocal treatment of American citizens abroad.”
Arizona, like Hines, involved a question of whether individual states can interfere with federal immigration policy, and the Court explained that the answer to this question should typically be “no.” “It is fundamental that foreign countries concerned about the status, safety, and security of their nationals in the United States must be able to confer and communicate on this subject with one national sovereign,” Kennedy wrote for the Court, “not the 50 separate States.”
The Texas litigation is an attempt to bypass the Supreme Court’s warning that federal officials, and not state governments, get to decide our nation’s immigration policy. The lawsuit was brought by two red states, Texas and Missouri, whose leadership disagrees with Biden’s decision to end the Remain in Mexico policy.
Rather than passing a state law implementing Remain in Mexico, something that states cannot do under the principles laid out in Hines and Arizona, the two states brought a lawsuit that was heard by an <a href="https://www.vox.com/2021/8/17/22627107/trump-judge-remain-in-mexico-matthew-kacsmaryk-immigration-asylum-joe-biden-donald-trump">unusually right-wing judge</a>. Before Trump made Kacsmaryk a judge, Kacsmaryk worked at a religious-right law firm. He’s previously written that being transgender is a “mental disorder” and that gay people are “disordered.”
If anything, the Court’s warning in Arizona and Hines that foreign policy should only be determined by the nation as a whole is even more compelling in the Texas case. Say what you will about the laws at issue in Arizona and Hines, but at least they were enacted by an elected state legislature representing one of the 50 states.
But no one elected Matthew Kacsmaryk (or any other judge involved in this case). If a federal judge who disagrees with US foreign policy can order it changed, especially if they can do so based on a misreading of federal law, that could toss foreign relations into turmoil.
As I write these words, for example, the United States is involved in delicate negotiations with the Taliban to ensure that US nationals and American allies can safely evacuate from Afghanistan. Despite initial chaos as the Taliban took control of Afghanistan, these negotiations are now bearing fruit. The US military <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/us-military-evacuated-more-than-10000-people-kabul-sunday-2021-08-23/">successfully evacuated over 10,000 people from Afghanistan</a> on Sunday alone.
Now imagine that some ideological judge — perhaps one who disagrees with President Joe Biden’s decision to withdraw US troops from Afghanistan — orders the Biden administration to change its diplomatic stance with the Taliban. Even if that decision were reversed by a higher court, that process would likely take days — and those few days of confusion and mixed messages could permanently sour US relations with the Taliban and endanger thousands of lives.
For decades, the Supreme Court warned that such judicial interference with foreign relations is untenable. The question in Texas is whether the current Court, with its 6-3 conservative majority, will exercise the same wisdom and forbearance.
Texas would be a more difficult case if there were some legal basis for Kacsmaryk’s opinion. If Congress actually passed a law requiring Biden to implement Trump’s Remain in Mexico policy, then Biden would be bound by that law — although courts might sensibly give him more than a week to reinstate Trump’s policy, given the diplomatic negotiations that must occur before such a policy can be implemented.
Kacsmaryk’s opinion <a href="https://www.vox.com/2021/8/17/22627107/trump-judge-remain-in-mexico-matthew-kacsmaryk-immigration-asylum-joe-biden-donald-trump">rested on two separate arguments</a>. First, federal agencies typically must offer a “<a href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/19pdf/18-587_5ifl.pdf">reasoned analysis</a>” explaining why they decided to implement a new policy before that policy can go into effect. Kacsmaryk claims that a <a href="https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/21_0601_termination_of_mpp_program.pdf">memo by Secretary Mayorkas</a>, which explains why the Biden administration ended the Remain in Mexico policy, did not provide an adequately reasoned explanation for why it did so.
There are good reasons to doubt this aspect of Kacsmaryk’s reasoning, and the Justice Department’s brief to the Supreme Court <a href="https://www.scotusblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/21A21.pdf">makes a persuasive case</a> that Mayorkas’s memo is adequate. But if the Court agrees with this aspect of Kacsmaryk’s opinion, that’s not necessarily the end of the world.
Provided that the justices explain what, exactly, Mayorkas needs to put into a new memo in order to end Remain in Mexico, Mayorkas can always just issue a new memo. The Court could also temporarily stay a decision requiring Mayorkas to produce a second memo in order to give him enough time to comply with the Court’s order.
The bigger problem with Kacsmaryk’s opinion is his egregious misreading of federal immigration law.
Kacsmaryk claims that when an asylum seeker arrives at the US-Mexico border, federal law <a href="https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.txnd.346680/gov.uscourts.txnd.346680.94.0.pdf">only gives the US government two options</a>: “(1) mandatory detention; or (2) return to a contiguous territory.” But that’s just false. The law gives federal immigration officials a menu of options, including <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/8/1182">granting an asylum seeker parole</a> “for urgent humanitarian reasons or significant public benefit,” or <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/8/1226">releasing the immigrant on bond</a>.
Under a doctrine known as “<a href="https://www.vox.com/2021/2/25/22299197/trump-judge-drew-tipton-biden-deportation-immigration-texas-united-states-injunction-supreme-court">prosecutorial discretion</a>,” the executive branch also has broad discretion to decide not to bring enforcement actions against individual immigrants.
So if the Supreme Court decides to follow the law, Texas is an easy case. The Biden administration has a strong legal argument, rooted both in statutory text and in longstanding constitutional doctrines. And the foreign policy implications of allowing judges like Kacsmaryk to interfere with American immigration policy could be disastrous.
The open question is whether the Supreme Court also has five votes to block Kacsmaryk’s order. Although the Court recognized the close relationship between immigration and foreign policy in its 2012 Arizona decision, Arizona was a <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/supremecourt/text/11-182#writing-11-182_OPINION_3">5-3 decision</a> with conservatives Chief Justice John Roberts and Justice Kennedy crossing over to vote with the liberal justices (minus Justice Elena Kagan, who was recused in Arizona).
Roberts is still on the Court, but Kennedy is not. And both Kennedy and the late liberal Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg have since been replaced by conservative Justices Brett Kavanaugh and Amy Coney Barrett.
To prevail in Texas, in other words, the Biden administration most likely needs to hold on to Roberts’s vote and secure the vote of either Kavanaugh or Barrett.
 
 
source <a href="https://www.vox.com/2021/8/24/22637775/supreme-court-texas-biden-remain-in-mexico-trump">https://www.vox.com/2021/8/24/22637775/supreme-court-texas-biden-remain-in-mexico-trump</a>

vox A new Supreme Court case could blow up decades of US diplomacy

Texas v. Biden , a case with profound implications for American foreign policy, reached the Supreme Court with lightning speed. On August ...

Mother warns parents of the dangers of allowing their kids to have the Covid-19 Vaccine after her son is hospitalised with dangerous inflammation of t...

A cardiologist who treated a child suffering from myocarditis; dangerous inflammation of the heart muscle, after having the Covid-19 injection, explained to the child’s mother that “no case of myocarditis is mild” confirming Public Health authorities are deceiving parents in the push to vaccinate children.
Fourteen-year-old Aiden Jo received his first dose of the Pfizer Covid-19 injection on May 12th. On June 10th, he woke up in the middle of the night complaining of chest pain and difficulty breathing. The boy’s mother, Emily, rushed him to the hospital where he was ultimately treated for myocarditis.
The mother said she had been under the impression that the adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccines are rare and mild.
“What they didn’t explain is that mild means hospital care and follow-up care indefinitely. They’re not explaining what mild myocarditis means. Aiden’s cardiologist told us no case of myocarditis is mild.  That’s like saying a heart attack is mild”.
Aiden is now unable to partake in physical sport, and has to avoid running around and playing outside with his friends due to how easily he gets tired because of his heart being unable to handle the stress of activity.  His mother also faces a bill of thousands in medical care.
“Parents need to understand that myocarditis is not covered under the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program,” Emily said. “And the Countermeasures Injury Compensation Program only covers if you’re incapacitated, wheelchair-bound or dead.  We have incurred thousands and thousands of dollars in medical bills.  We have insurance but they don’t pay all.  It does not account for tests down the road that we still have to get.”
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Myocarditis reduces your heart’s ability to pump and can cause rapid or abnormal heartbeats. Severe cases of myocarditis can lead to heart attack, stroke, heart failure and sudden cardiac arrest. Signs of myocarditis in children include chest pain, breathing problems, abnormal heartbeats, rapid breathing, fever and fainting.
A study published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on July 30th found that 397 children between the ages of 12 and 17 were <a href="https://www.theepochtimes.com/cdc-397-children-suffered-heart-inflammation-after-covid-19-vaccine_3928019.html">diagnosed with myocarditis after receiving Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine</a>.
The condition occurred mostly in young boys. Heart inflammation was not identified as an adverse reaction during the safety trials for the vaccine, but the CDC announced in June that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) would add a warning to the Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines about a possible link to cases of myocarditis in teenagers and young adults.
The Advisory Committee on Immunisation Practices (ACIP), CDC’s vaccine advisory group, met in June to discuss cases of myocarditis in people aged 30 and younger who have received an mRNA Covid-19 injection.
The Covid-19 Vaccine Safety Technical (VaST) Work Group, which is part of ACIP, assessed the reported cases and noted that the risk of myocarditis following vaccination with the mRNA-based injections in adolescents and young adults is notably higher after the second dose, particularly in males.
In June, the CDC said a higher-than-expected number of young men had experienced heart inflammation after their second dose of the mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, with more than half the cases reported in people between the ages of 12 and 24.
The higher-than-expected rate of myocarditis cases among Americans below 30 is consistent with the data from Israel.
Israel’s Ministry of Health identified <a href="http://www.keweenawreport.com/featured/israel-says-pfizer-vaccine-probably-causes-myocarditis-in-young-men-2/">over 200 cases of myocarditis in men between 16 and 30 years old</a>, a vast majority of those happening at the younger end of that range. That equates to a risk of between 1 in 3,000 and 1 in 6,000 of suffering from heart inflammation.
According to VaST, the data suggests a likely association of myocarditis with mRNA vaccination in adolescents and young adults.
As of July 16, the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) received a total of 9,246 reports of adverse reactions among children. The 397 reports of heart inflammation made up 4.3 percent of the total. However, the system wasn’t designed to capture all cases of heart inflammation and only counted the reports which used the term myocarditis.
Reuters reported Friday, Aug. 20, that health officials in the U.S. are reviewing reports that <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-probing-moderna-vaccine-increased-heart-inflammation-risk-washington-post-2021-08-20/">Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccine may be linked to a higher risk of heart condition in younger adults</a> than previously thought.
The review was focused on Canadian data suggesting that there might be a 2.5 times higher incidence of myocarditis in those who get the Moderna vaccine compared with Pfizer’s vaccine, especially in men below the age of 30.
“While we won’t comment on internal meetings or discussions, we can say that FDA is absolutely committed to reviewing data as it becomes available to us,” the FDA said.
Pfizer, whose injection has been given emergency use authorisatopm for use in children aged 12 and over, previously said it had not observed a higher rate of heart inflammation than would normally be expected in the general population. Moderna said it also could not identify a causal association with the heart inflammation cases and its vaccine.
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A 42-year-old rapper, MMA/UFC fan, and youth mentor is dead in yet …
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<div class="wp-block-coblocks-post-carousel__item" readability="10.763888888889">
<div class="wp-block-coblocks-post-carousel__content" readability="11.111111111111"><time datetime="2021-08-24T01:25:31+01:00" class="wp-block-coblocks-post-carousel__date">August 24, 2021</time><a href="https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/08/24/joe-biden-is-too-obsessed-with-vaccinating-kids-forcing-toddlers-to-wear-masks-in-school-to-care-about-saving-american-lives-in-afghanistan/" alt="Joe Biden is too obsessed with vaccinating kids & forcing toddlers to wear masks in school to care about saving American lives in Afghanistan">Joe Biden is too obsessed with vaccinating kids & forcing toddlers to wear masks in school to care about saving American lives in Afghanistan</a>
As much as Donald Trump was accused by the left of being …
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<div class="wp-block-coblocks-post-carousel__content" readability="13.674008810573"><time datetime="2021-08-23T20:30:00+01:00" class="wp-block-coblocks-post-carousel__date">August 23, 2021</time><a href="https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/08/23/medicine-regulators-need-to-explain-how-they-concluded-the-benefits-outweigh-the-risks-in-giving-the-covid-19-vaccines-to-children/" alt="Medicine Regulators need to explain how they concluded the benefits outweigh the risks in giving the Covid-19 Vaccines to children">Medicine Regulators need to explain how they concluded the benefits outweigh the risks in giving the Covid-19 Vaccines to children</a>
The Pfizer Covid-19 injection has been given emergency use authorisation to be …
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<div class="wp-block-coblocks-post-carousel__content" readability="11.478260869565"><time datetime="2021-08-23T18:30:00+01:00" class="wp-block-coblocks-post-carousel__date">August 23, 2021</time><a href="https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/08/23/doctors-and-nurses-reveal-covid-19-injections-have-been-given-to-disabled-patients-without-consent-and-that-covid-19-tests-were-carried-out-on-cancer-patients-moments-from-death/" alt="Doctors and Nurses reveal Covid-19 injections have been given to disabled patients without consent and that Covid-19 tests were carried out on cancer patients moments from death">Doctors and Nurses reveal Covid-19 injections have been given to disabled patients without consent and that Covid-19 tests were carried out on cancer patients moments from death</a>
An organisation set up to provide a confidential platform for healthcare workers …
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<div class="wp-block-coblocks-post-carousel__content" readability="18.068027210884"><time datetime="2021-08-23T16:28:28+01:00" class="wp-block-coblocks-post-carousel__date">August 23, 2021</time><a href="https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/08/23/fda-grants-full-approval-to-the-pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine/" alt="FDA Grants Full Approval to the Pfizer-BioNTech Covid-19 Vaccine">FDA Grants Full Approval to the Pfizer-BioNTech Covid-19 Vaccine</a>
The FDA has announced that it has given the Pfizer Covid-19 full …
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<div class="wp-block-coblocks-post-carousel__content" readability="12"><time datetime="2021-08-23T12:33:21+01:00" class="wp-block-coblocks-post-carousel__date">August 23, 2021</time><a href="https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/08/23/if-you-want-to-know-the-sort-of-society-authorities-are-trying-to-create-for-you-and-your-children-to-live-in-then-just-look-at-china/" alt="If you want to know the sort of society authorities are trying to create for you and your children to live in then just look at China">If you want to know the sort of society authorities are trying to create for you and your children to live in then just look at China</a>
So, what’s going to happen next? I can tell you that. A …
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<div class="wp-block-coblocks-post-carousel__content" readability="11.151515151515"><time datetime="2021-08-23T10:35:00+01:00" class="wp-block-coblocks-post-carousel__date">August 23, 2021</time><a href="https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/08/23/australian-truckers-have-warned-the-public-to-stock-up-on-essentials-as-they-claim-they-are-going-to-take-back-australia/" alt="Australian truckers have warned the public to stock up on essentials as they claim they are going to take back Australia by creating a blockade and choking the supply chain">Australian truckers have warned the public to stock up on essentials as they claim they are going to take back Australia by creating a blockade and choking the supply chain</a>
Video messages from Australian truck drivers have surfaced in some of the …
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<h3 class="jp-relatedposts-headline">Related</h3>
 
 
source <a href="https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/08/24/mother-warns-parents-of-the-dangers-of-allowing-their-kids-to-have-the-covid-19-vaccine-after-her-son-is-hospitalised-with-dangerous-inflammation-of-the-heart-after-having-the-pfizer-jab/">https://dailyexpose.co.uk/2021/08/24/mother-warns-parents-of-the-dangers-of-allowing-their-kids-to-have-the-covid-19-vaccine-after-her-son-is-hospitalised-with-dangerous-inflammation-of-the-heart-after-having-the-pfizer-jab/</a>

revolution Mother warns parents of the dangers of allowing their kids to have the Covid-19 Vaccine after her son is hospitalised with dangerous inflammation of t...

A cardiologist who treated a child suffering from myocarditis; dangerous inflammation of the heart muscle, after having the Covid-19 injecti...